乡村医生重大传染病知识态度行为调查

目的了解乡村医生重大传染病防治知识态度行为水平,为农村重大传染病防治政策制定提供依据。方法对成都市、重庆市承担政府指定公共卫生服务工作的乡村医生进行随机抽样,现场调查收集乡村医生的基本情况和专业培训、收入、对结核病和艾滋病防治知识及国家有关政策知晓等情况。结果 69.7%的乡村医生知道肺结核病人的主要症状,79.8%的乡村医生知道如何转诊和所在地区有专门检查与治疗肺结核病的地方,74.2%的乡村医生知道肺结核规范治疗的时间,58.8%的乡村医生知道预防控制肺结核最有效的措施,只有15.7%的乡村医生知道肺结核病人正规治疗后多久一般就没有了传染性。乡村医生对艾滋病传播途径的知晓率在63.4%~94.8%之间,总知晓率为58.8%。对于国家"四免一关怀"政策平均得分仅0.97±0.18分;79.8%的乡村医生认为应该将艾滋感染者/患者集中管理,防止传播他人,39.7%的乡村医生不愿意接触艾滋病感染者/患者,57.7%的乡村医生不愿意为艾滋感染者/患者提供服务;79.8%的乡村医生认为发现可疑肺结核病人后,应该转诊至结核病防治所/结核病专科医院。结论乡村医生重大传染病防治相关知识知晓率低,对艾滋感染者/患者持有歧视态度,在发现可疑的肺结核病人时,转诊至结核病防治专门机构的比例偏低。应加强乡村医生的健康教育和重大传染病防治相关知识政策及操作技能的培训,提高其重大传染病防治能力。

Investigation on the rural doctors＇ knowledge,attitude and behavior in major infectious diseases

Objective To find out rural doctors＇ knowledge about prevention and treatment of the major infectious diseases,and to provide the basis for the major infectious diseases＇ prevention and treatment in rural areas.（Methods The） rural doctors who undertook public health responsibilities in Chongqing and Chengdu were randomly selected to collect information on basic conditions,professional training,income,prevention knowledge of TB,AIDS and public health policy. Results 69.7% of the doctors knew the main symptoms of TB patients.79.8% of the doctors knew how to referral and where is the hospital equipped with the specialized examination and treatment of TB.74.2% of the doctors knew the right time of TB treatment.58.8% of the doctors knew the most effective measure to prevent TB was early detection and early treatment,but only 15.7% of them knew when contagion was less possible after regular treatment.The doctors＇ awareness rate of AIDS transmission was between 63.4% and 94.8%.The total awareness rate was 58.8%,and the average score was 0.97±0.18 about the Four Frees and One Care policy in our country.79.8% of the doctors believed that AIDS infecters and patients should be centralized to prevent transmission.39.7% of the doctors were reluctant to approach AIDS infecters and patients.57.7% of the doctors did not want to serve AIDS infecters and patients.79.8% of the doctors believed that TB patients should be sent to TB prevention and control institutions when then were identified.Conclusion The rural doctors＇ awareness rate of the major infectious diseases＇ prevention and treatment was too low.They despised AIDS infecters and patients.When they detected suspicious TB patients,few were sent to professional prevention and control institutions.We should train the rural doctors more about the knowledge and operational skills of the major infectious diseases＇ prevention and treatment,so as to improve the rural doctors＇ capacity in preventing and treating major infectious diseases.