我国3省6市流动人口结核病防治知识、行为及需求调查

目的了解流动人口对结核病防治知识、行为以及健康教育需求的情况,为今后开展有针对性的干预工作提供依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在我国3个省的6个市中抽取18～50岁的流动人口1274人,进行结核病防治健康教育问卷调查,采用χ2检验。结果 7.4%的调查对象＂没有听说过肺结核＂,关键信息的全部知晓率为7.5%,全部不知晓率为10.0%。8条关键信息总知晓率为58.5%,18～20岁组（52.0%）与41～50岁组（52.6%）,小学及以下文化程度（46.5%）,外出务工时间〈12个月（54.2%）的关键信息总知晓率较低;关键信息知晓率高的人群相对拥有较好的行为习惯,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。流动人口以往获取结核病信息的渠道前3位依次为电视（63.7%）,人际渠道（60.8%）,传单、折页、宣传画（49.3%）。流动人口对于宣传材料的选择喜好也以折页、传单、宣传画、小册子的选择率居高。自述＂以前获得过肺结核宣传材料＂的人关键信息总知晓率为73.4%,较没得到过宣传材料的人（47.8%）高。结论流动人口对肺结核防治的信息存在较大需求,流动人口结核病健康教育需要关注低学历者及新近外出务工者,选择合适的地点及适宜的传播活动形式。

Survey on the awareness, behavior and demand of TB prevention and cure among floating population in six cities of three provinces

Objective To explore the awareness, behavior and educational demand of TB prevention and to cure among the floating population, and to provide evidence for targeted TB health education and health promotion in future. Methods 1274 migrants aged 18 -50 years were selected from 6 cities of 3 provinces by using convenient sampling method. The survey was conducted with unified questionnaire and analyzed with X2 test. Results Among all of the respondents 7.4% chose the option of ＂never heard of tuberculosis＂, 7.5% knew all of the key information, and 10.0% knew none of them. The awareness percentage of 8 key information was 58.5 %. The awareness in groups of aged 18 - 20 years （52.0%） and 41 -50 years （52. 6% ）, people with low educational level （46. 5 % ） and those living in a cities less than a year （54. 2% ） were lower. And people who had relatively higher awareness of the key information had better habits, which difference had statistically significance （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Floating population accessed tuberculosis information from TV （63.7%）, interpersonal channel （60. 8% ）, and leaflets, folding, and posters （49.3%） mainly. Floating population preferred to communication materials such as folding, leaflets, posters and brochures. At the same time, people who ac- quired publicity materials related to tuberculosis previously had higher awareness （73.4%）, compared to people who did not get （47.8 % ）. Conclusion There is a great demand of information communication about tuberculosis prevention and control among floating population. Some subgroups of floating population should be paid more attention to and the appropri- ate health education sites and activities should be selected.