营养干预对儿童缺铁性贫血的干预效果评价

目的探讨营养干预对儿童缺铁性贫血（IDA）的干预效果。方法选取2012年1—12月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院门诊确诊的3~6岁的IDA患儿160例,根据＂不平衡指数最小的原则＂随机分为对照组和观察组,每组80例,对照组采取常规药物治疗,观察组采取常规药物治疗加营养干预,干预10个月后评价营养干预对儿童缺铁性贫血的干预效果。结果干预前,观察组患儿家属IDA病因（73.8%）、临床表现（66.3%）等相关知识知晓率与对照组相比差异无统计学意义;观察组患儿轻度贫血（77.5%）、中度贫血（22.5%）与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组患儿经常吃铁强化制品（63.8%）、经常吃肉蛋鱼类等动物制品（76.3%）等饮食行为应答率与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。干预后观察组患儿家属对IDA病因（96.3%）、临床表现（97.5%）、危害（96.3%）、治疗（97.5%）、预防（93.8%）、定期复查的重要性（97.5%）相关知识知晓率均高于自身干预前及干预后对照组（P〈0.01）。观察组患儿轻度贫血（7.5%）、中度贫血（1.3%）的患病率均低于自身干预前及对照组（P〈0.01）。观察组患儿经常吃铁强化制品（91.3%）、经常吃肉蛋鱼类等动物制品（93.8%）、经常吃新鲜蔬菜（92.5%）、经常吃新鲜水果（96.3%）、经常吃豆类及豆制品（91.3%）和经常吃奶类及奶制品（97.5%）饮食行为应答率均高于自身干预前及对照组（P〈0.01）。结论营养干预能改善儿童缺铁性贫血。

Effect of nutritional intervention among children with iron deficiency anemia

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional intervention on children with iron deficiency anemia （IDA）. Methods According to unbalance index minimum principle, 160 patients were randomly divided into intervention group （n = 80） and control group （n = 80） , the control group received conventional medical treatment and the observation group received conventional medical treatment and nutritional intervention. After 10 months intervention, the haemoglobin ex- amination and diet behavior was taken again to evaluate the effect of the nutritional intervention. Results Before the inter- vention, there is no difference between the observation group＇s knowledge on the cause of the IDA （73.8%） , the clinical feature of the IDA （66. 3% ）, the prevalence rate of mild IDA （77.5%） and moderate IDA （22. 5% ）, often eat iron for- tification products （63.8%）, often eating meat or eggs （76. 3% ）, and the control group （P 〉0. 05）. After the nutritional intervention, the parents of the patient children＇ knowledge rate of IDA, such as the cause of the IDA （96. 3 % ）, the clin- ical feature of the IDA （97.5%）, the detriment of the IDA （96. 3% ）, the therapy of the IDA （97.5%）, the prevention of the IDA （93.8%）, the importance of regular review （97.5%） was higher than before its intervention and the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The prevalence rate of mild IDA （7.5%） and moderate IDA （1.3%） in the observation group was lower than before its intervention and the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The prevalence of diet behavior including often eat iron fortification products （91.3%）, often eating meat, eggs, fish and other animal products （93.8%）, often eating fresh vegetables （92. 5% ）, often eating fresh fruit （96. 3% ）, often eating beans and bean products （91.3%） and often eating milk and milk products （97.5 % ） in the observation group were higher than before its intervention and the control group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conc