2006年全国公众结核病防治知识核心信息知晓情况调查

目的了解全国公众结核病知识核心信息知晓情况，为今后更有效地开展结核病防治健康教育工作提供方向和重点。方法采用5阶段分层系统随机抽样方法，在全国抽取19个省60个县／区共69253名城乡居民。使用统一设计的调查问卷对调查对象进行入户面对面询问式调查。结果调查对象的核心信息总知晓率为48．9％。12～19岁组、小学及以下文化程度者、农民和学生知晓率较低。调查对象对肺结核病的传染性、传播途径的知晓率较高，而一半或超过一半的调查对象不知道当地有检查和治疗结核病的专门机构、结核病人应到专门机构检查治疗、结核病可治愈、国家有免费检查治疗政策、不应该歧视结核病人，尤其是对“咳嗽咳痰3周以上或有咯血、血痰症状者应怀疑得了肺结核病”这条核心信息的知晓率只有16．0％。结论应根据当地居民知晓结核防治知识的情况制定地方政策，开展广泛深入的传播活动并及时评估效果

Survey on the awareness status of key messages on TB prevention and cure knowledge among national public people in 2006

Objective To explore the awareness status of key messages on TB prevention and cure knowledge among national public people, and to provide the emphases of TB health education. Methods 69253 urban and rural residents were selected by multistage systematic randomized sampling in 60 counties of 19 provinces. With unified questionnaire, the survey was conducted by face-to-face inquiry. Results The awareness rate of key messages on TB prevention and cure among surveyed people was 73.4%. The groups of aged 12--19, low educational level people, farmer and students had lower awareness rate. The majority of them knew the infectivity and spread route of TB, while less of them or only half of them knew ＂There is professional hospital to examine and cure TB＂, ＂TB patients should examine and cure TBin the professional hospital＂, ＂TB can be cured＂, ＂There are national policies on examine and cure TB for free＂, ＂TB patients should not be discriminated ＂. Especially, only 16.0% of them knew ＂Person who has had the symptom of cough and sputum for 3 weeks or has the symptom of emptysis and blood sputum should go to examine TB ＂. Conclusion According to lcal awareness status of TB prevention and cure knowledge among residents, local policies should be established and ommunication activities should be carried out and evaluate the effect in time.