天津市主要病媒生物密度监测结果分析

目的掌握天津市主要病媒生物种群密度及季节消长规律，为病媒生物控制提供依据。方法鼠类监测采用夹夜法，蚊类监测采用灯诱法，蝇类监测采用笼诱法，蟑螂监测采用粘捕法。结果天津市2009—2011年监测结果显示：蚊年平均密度为14．96、18．78、18．82只／（h·灯），淡色库蚊为优势种群；蝇年平均密度为5．86、4．65、4．76只／笼，家蝇为优势种；蟑螂平均密度为1．29、1．03、1．13只／张，优势种群为德国小蠊；鼠密度分别为0．29％、0．27％、0．20％，优势种群为褐家鼠。结论通过监测掌握了天津市主要病媒生物的种群构成和密度动态，褐家鼠、小家鼠、淡色库蚊、家蝇以及德国小蠊是主要的防治对象，防治中应根据它们的孳生、栖息习性及其季节消长特点，采取综合性防治措施。

Surveillance of main vectors density in Tianjin

Objective To grasp the population density and its seasonal fluctuation of primary vectors in Tianjin, and provide scientific basis for the control of vector. Methods The light trapping and cage trapping were conducted to monitor the density of mosquitoes and flies respectively, as well as the night trapping and cockroach paste for rats and cockroaches. Results From 2009 to 2011 ,the densities of adult mosquitoes reached 14.96,18.78 and 18.82 pieces per lamp hour in the three years, and Culex pipiens pallens as the dominant species. The fly densities were 5.86,4.65 and 4.76 pieces per cage, and Musca domestica as the dominant species. The densities of cockroaches reached 1.29,1.03 and 1.13 pieces per sticky and Blattella germanica as the dominant species. The rat densities reached 0.29% ,0.27% and 0.20%, and the dominant species was Rattus norvegicus. Conclusion The monitoring program revealed the species composition and population dynamics of major biological vectors in Tianjin. The focal targets for preventionand control in Tianjin included Rattus norvegicus,Mus musculus, Culex pipiens pallens ,Musca domestica and Blattella germanica. To reduce the vector density, environment centered integrated measures dependent on the breeding places, habitual traits and seasonal variation should be adopted.