儿童青少年肌肉质量与心血管疾病危险因素的关系

目的 探讨儿童青少年肌肉质量与心血管疾病危险因素的关系,为心血管疾病的早期预防提供理论依据。方法 采用现况研究设计,以整群抽样的方法于2017—2020年抽取宁夏银川市12~17岁儿童青少年共1 622名为研究对象。对所有参与测试者进行问卷调查、体格测量、实验室检查、体成分检查。结果 总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与肌肉质量指数(SMMI)呈负相关(r＝-0.105,-0.094,P<0.001);甘油三酯(TG)与全身肌肉质量(SMM)呈负相关(r＝-0.067,P<0.01)。高SMMI者患高血压、高TC、高TG分别是低SMMI者的0.60(95%CI: 0.37~0.97)、0.54(95%CI: 0.33~0.89)倍和0.53(95%CI: 0.32~0.87)倍(P<0.05);SMMI良好、充足患高脂血症的风险分别是SMMI严重不足的0.32(95%CI:0.15~0.70)、0.23(95%CI: 0.08~0.65)倍(P<0.05)。SMMI良好患血脂异常的风险是SMMI严重不足的0.44(95%CI:0.22~0.89)倍(P<0.05)。结论 儿童青少年肌肉质量与心血管疾病危险因素关系密切,低肌肉质量为高血压、高脂血症的危险因素。

Relationship between muscle mass and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents

Objective To explore the relationship between muscle mass and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents, so as to provide theoretical basis for early prevention of cardiovascular disease. Methods A current situation study design was adopted. A total of 1 622 children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in Yinchuan, Ningxia were selected into this study by cluster sampling from 2017 to 2020. All participants were investigated by questionnaire, and took physical measurements, laboratory examination and body composition examination. Results Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were negatively correlated with skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) (r＝-0.105,-0.094,P<0.001). Triglyceride(TG) was negatively correlated with skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (r＝-0.067,P<0.01). The risks of hypertension, high TC and high TG in adolescents with high SMMI were 0.60 (95%CI: 0.37 - 0.97), 0.54 (95%CI: 0.33 - 0.89) and 0.53 (95%CI: 0.32 - 0.87) times higher than those in adolescents with low SMMI (P<0.05). The risk of hyperlipidemia in adolescents with good and sufficient SMMI was 0.32 (95%CI: 0.15 - 0.70) and 0.23 (95%CI: 0.08 - 0.65) times higher than that in adolescents severe deficiency of SMMI (P<0.05).The risk of dyslipidemia in adolescents with good SMMI was 0.44 (95%CI: 0.22 - 0.89) times higher than that in adolescents with severe SMMI deficiency (P<0.05). Conclusions There is a close correlation between muscle mass and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents. Low muscle mass is a risk factor for hypertension and hyperlipidemia.