青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制与家庭功能、自我管理、知觉压力的相关性研究

目的 探究青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制与家庭功能、自我管理、知觉压力的相关性,为针对性干预方案的制定提供理论依据。方法 便利选取2020年8月-2021年7月在空军军医大学唐都医院儿科门诊就诊的青春期哮喘患儿为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、儿童哮喘控制测试问卷、家庭功能评定量表、哮喘儿童自我管理测评量表、中文版知觉压力量表进行问卷调查,采用多元逐步线性回归分析探究青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制的影响因素。结果 372例青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制评分为22.97±3.72,完全控制率为40.32%(150/372)。多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示:性别、是否住校、是否进行过哮喘控制管理培训、患病年限、是否有哮喘家族史、家庭功能、自我管理、知觉压力是青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制的主要影响因素(β=-0.054、-0.045、0.057、0.069、-0.065、-0.164、0.351、-0.373,P＜0.05),可共同解释变异的89.0%。结论 青春期哮喘患儿疾病控制水平有待提升,儿科医护人员应该针对不同影响因素特征进行针对性干预,以提高其疾病控制水平,促进疾病康复。

Association of disease control with family function,self-management and perceived stress in adolescent children with asthma

Objective To analyze the association of disease control with family function, self-management and perceived stress in adolescent children with asthma, so as to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of targeted intervention programs. Methods The adolescent children with asthma who saw a doctor in the Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University from August 2020 to July 2021 were selected as the study subjects by a convenience sampling method.The General Information Questionnaire, Childhood Asthma Control Test Questionnaire, Family Assessment Device, Management Scale for Asthmatic Children, and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale were used to conduct questionnaire survey.The multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of disease control in adolescent children with asthma. Results The average score of disease control in 372 adolescent children with asthma was (22.97±3.72) points, and the complete control rate was 40.32% (150/272).The results of multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that gender, school residence, asthma control management training, duration of illness, family history of asthma, family function, self-management and perceived stress were the main influencing factors of disease control in adolescent children with asthma (β=-0.054,-0.045, 0.057, 0.069,-0.065,-0.164, 0.351,-0.373, P＜0.05, R²=0.890). Conclusions The disease control level of adolescent children with asthma needs to be improved.Pediatric medical staff should carry out targeted interventions based on the characteristics of different influencing factors to improve the disease control level of children and promote disease recovery.