江苏省有代表性地区4~7岁儿童智力发育和社会生活能力筛查分析

【目的】 对江苏地区4~7岁儿童进行智力筛查和资料分析,了解该年龄段儿童智能发育水平及分布特征。 【方法】 采用复旦大学附属儿科医院编写的0~6岁儿童发育筛查测验对运动能区、社会适应能区、智力能区三个能区检测,统计6岁以下儿童发育商和智力指数,及应用婴儿-初中生社会生活能力量表,评价6岁以上儿童社会生活能力发育状况。 【结果】 1)8 439名6岁以下筛查儿童中,发育商异常共152名(占1.8%);可疑583名(占6.9%);正常7 704名(占91.3%)。智力指数异常共265名(占3.1%);可疑591名(占7.0%);正常7 583名(占89.3%)。10 748名6岁以上儿童的社会生活能力,年龄组之间存在统计学意义。2)6岁以下儿童,男、女童的发育商和智力指数之间差异均无统计学意义,而6岁以上儿童的社会生活能力方面,女童却显著高于男童。3)地域(城市、农村和苏南、苏中、苏北)与发育商、智力指数和社会生活能力之间均存在统计学意义。 【结论】 农村及苏北等经济相对落后地区及对智能发育可疑儿童的干预应成为提高智能发育的工作重点。

Survey on intelligence development and social adaptability of children aged from 4 to 7 years in the representative areas of Jiangsu province

【Objective】 To investigate the level and the distribution characteristics of intelligence development of children aged from 4 to 7 years old in Jiangsu Province by the means of intelligence screening and analysis of data.【Methods】 The development quotient(DQ) and mental index(MI) of children aged below 6 years old were detected with development screening test(DST) of children aged from 0 to 6 years old which established by Pediatric Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University to detect the social adaptability,intelligence,and exercise ability of these children.And the social viability of children over 6 years old was evaluated by the social viability scale for infant and students at junior school.【Results】 Among 8 439 children below 6 years old,there were 7 704(91.3%) with normal DQ,152(1.8%) with abnormal DQ,and 583(6.9%) between normal and abnormal DQ.But for MI,the normal accounted for 89.3%(n=7 583),the abnormal for 3.1%(n=265),and the others between normal and abnormal for 7.0%(n=591).For these children,there was no significant difference of DQ and MI between boys and girls.In total,10 748 children over 6 years old were investigated the social viability.There was no significant difference between different age groups,but the social viability of girls was significantly higher than that of boys.In addition,the levels of DQ,MI and social viability were closely related to region distribution,such as urban or rural,southern,central or northern in Jiangsu province.【Conclusion】 The intervention of children’s development in the rural and the northern of Jiangsu province should be enhanced.