203例低出生体重儿智能发育16年纵向随访监测

目的：探索低出生体重对智能发育的影响，影响的严重程度及其影响持续的时间。方法：抽取上海市1983年出生的低出生体重儿及正常对照儿，以前瞻性队列研究作为研究方法，从出生到16岁期间在多个时点进行了智能发育随访监测。结果：对照，早产和足月小样儿在各随访时段的IQ或DQ及16岁时的学校所有学科包括语文，数学，英语，物理，化学和政治以及总分均明显低于对照组，足月小样组总体呈现低于早产组的趋势，智能发育在各时段没有明显的快速提高和增加趋势，这种影响至少一直维持到青春期。结论：证实了低出生体重对小儿出生后的智能发育有非常明显的长期的消极影响，其中对足月小样儿的影响大于早产儿。

A Sixteen-year Longitudinal Study of Mental Development of Low Birth Weight Infants

To explore and reveal the long term effect of low birth weight on mental development of children and adolescents. The mental development and school achievement of 203 LBW infants and 71 full term infants living in Shanghai,born during Jan.1,1983 and Dec.31,1983,were observed from birth to sixteen years.Design was prospective cohort study. There were significant differences in the mean IQ/DQ and scores on school achievement in all observing time layers among SFD,preterm and control groups.All these index showed a rank that the control group was higher than preterm,and preterm group was higher than SFD's.This trend would last to adolescence. [Conclusions] It was very obvious that LBW could affect children's mental development and learning abilities.Furthermore,this kind of influence might continue to their adolescence.The negative effects of LBW on mental development and learning abilities of SFD was more obviously than of preterm infants.