中国医院感染管理组织建设30年调查

目的了解我国医院感染管理组织建设30年的发展情况。方法对全国12个省（直辖市、自治区）医院感染管理组织建设进行调查。结果共调查166所医院，其中三级医院96所（57.83%）；164所有建立医院感染管理科年份的医院中，1995年之前建科的医院46所（28.05%），1995—2005年建科的医院63所（38.41%），2005—2015年建科的医院55所（33.54%）。165所医院每千床专职人员数从1995年的4.80名下降至2015年的4.09名，1995—2015年医院感染管理科专职人员类别构成比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=26.22，P＜0.01）。1995—2015年各省份医院感染管理科专职人员学历、专业构成比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为242.91、47.10，均P＜0.01）。1995、2005年专职人员学历均以大专及以下学历为主，所占比率分别为70.81%、53.30%；2015年以本科学历（53.79%）为主，博士、硕士所占比率分别为2.45%、22.86%。专职人员专业均以护理为主，所占比率由1995年的58.38%下降至2015年的45.96%。结论我国医院感染管理组织建设经历了30年，取得了一定成绩，但仍存在一些问题，需要继续提高专职人员比例，优化人员结构。

Development of healthcare associated infection management organizations in China in the past 30 years

ObjectiveTo understand the development of healthcare associated infection(HAI) management organizations in China in the past 30 years.MethodsDevelopment of HAI management organizations in 12 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) in China was surveyed.ResultsA total of 166 hospitals were surveyed， 96 (57.83%) were tertiary hospitals. Among 164 hospitals which had a history of development of HAI management department，46(28.05%) before 1995， 63(38.14%) in 1995-2005， and 55(33.54%) in 2005-2015 set up HAI management departments. HAI management professionals per 1 000 beds in 165 hospitals decreased from 4.80 in 1995 to 4.09 in 2015， occupational categories in HAI management departments in 1995-2015 were significantly different (χ2=26.22， P＜0.01). The constituent ratios of education background and profession of HAI management professionals in each province in 1995-2015 were significantly different（χ2=242.91, 47.10， respectively, all P＜0.01）. In 1995 and 2005, 70.81%, 53.30% of professionals were with college degree or below; in 2015, the percentage of professionals with bachelor’s degree, doctoral degree, and master’s degree were 53.79%, 2.45%, and 22.86% respectively. Most professionals were nursing staff，but the percentage decreased from 58.38% in 1995 to 45.96% in 2015.ConclusionAlthough HAI management organizations have developed for 30 years and made some achievements， there still remain some problems, the proportion of professionals needs to be enhanced, and personnel structure should be optimized.