2010年度贵州省108所医院住院患者横断面抗菌药物使用率调查

目的调查贵州省不同规模医院横断面抗菌药物使用情况。方法对该省108所医院2010年8月30日所有住院患者的抗菌药物使用情况进行调查，各医院汇总资料后统一分析。结果共调查29 358例住院患者，抗菌药物使用率为55.52%，其中治疗用药占51.58%，预防用药占35.44%，治疗+预防用药占12.98%；单一用药占60.88%，二联用药占35.80%，三联及以上用药占3.32%。仅13.84%的治疗用药患者送病原学检查。不同级别医院之间抗菌药物使用差别较大，二级医院抗菌药物使用率（61.18%）明显高于三级医院（47.35%）（χ2=549.85，P＜0.05）。儿科、呼吸科、耳鼻咽喉科抗菌药物使用率较高，均＞75%。结论此次调查的贵州省108所医院住院患者日抗菌药物使用率较高，预防用药较多，联合用药比例较大，病原学送检率低，提示仍需加强抗菌药物临床应用的管理。

Cross sectional survey on antimicrobial usage in patients at 108 hospitals in Guizhou province in 2010

Objective To investigate the daily antimicrobial use in patients at hospitals of different sizes in Guizhou province. Methods Antimicrobial use in 108 hospitals on August 30, 2010 was investigated, all data were analyzed. Results A total of 29 358 inpatients were investigated, the usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 55. 520%, 51.58% of which were for therapeutic purpose, 35.44% for prophylactic use, and 12.98% for both therapeutic and prophylactic application; 60. 88% of patients received one agent, 35.8% received two, and 3.32% received three and more agents. Among patients who received antimicrobials for therapy, only 13. 84% were sent specimens for pathogenic detection. The usage rates of antimicrobial agents were different among different hospitals, secondary hospital was 61.18%, and tertiary hospital was 47.35% （X2= 549.85,P〈0.05）. Departments of pediatrics, respiratory diseases, and otolaryngology had higher antimicrobial usage rates, all were 〉 75% . Conclusion Inpa tients in 108 hospitals have higher rate of daily antimicrobial use, prophylactic use and combined use, but pathogen detection rate is low. It is necessary to strengthen the management of rational use of antimicrobial use.