营养教育对广州市小学生营养知识·态度·行为的影响

目的了解和提高小学生营养知识水平,培养小学生健康的饮食习惯.方法抽取广州市城区8所小学10～12岁小学生共1600名进行营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)调查,对其中4所小学的800名小学生在调查基础上进行针对性营养知识教育(教育组),以其余4所小学的学生800名为对照组,对教育效果进行评估.结果营养教育后,学生的营养知识水平明显提高,教育组知道蛋白质、碘、铁、钙的食物来源及蔬菜水果提供的主要营养素的学生比对照组分别高21.3%,14.1%,13.7%,9.0%,26.5%(P＜0.05);学生食物选择及消费趋于合理,教育组学生早餐食物选择中牛奶、鸡蛋所占比例分别比对照组高9.8%,15.6%(P＜0.05);学生挑食、偏食、零食行为改善.结论营养教育能提高小学生的营养知识水平,改善其营养醒为.营养知识进入课堂是受学生欢迎的营养教育形式.

Effects of Nutritional Education on Students' Nutritional Knowledge,Attitude and Practice in Guangzhou

Objective To improve primary school students' nutritional knowledge and to cultivate good dietary habits.Methods About 1 600 pupils aged 10-12 from Guangzhou were given the KAP investigation on nutrition. About 800 students were given nutritional education, the other 800 students were taken as control group. Then evaluate their education impacts.Results After the nutritional education,the cognition rates of the students who know the resources of protein, iodine, iron, calcium and the main nutrients provided by vegetables and fruits were improved 21.3 % , 14.1%, 13.7 % , 9.0% and 26.5 % compared with control group ( P < 0.05). The selection and consumption of food became more reasonable .Milk and eggs consumptions in breakfast were 9.8% and 15.6% more than control group( P<0.05).Their incorrect behaviors were improved, such as food partialities and snacks intakes. Conclusion Nutritional education can improve students' nutritional cognition and behavior. Nutritional knowledge in the class is a popular form for the students.