儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估研究分析

  目的  对现有研究中关于儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估的内容进行分析，为开发适用于中国儿童的伤害家庭监护能力评估指标体系提供参考依据。  方法  从中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方、中国知网、维普、PubMed、Medline、Springer和Web of Science中英文数据库检索儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估的相关研究，从评估方法、评估内容和所用评估工具的信效度对相关文献进行梳理。  结果  共纳入文献47篇，纳入研究中的评估方法包括定性研究和定量调查，以通过量表或问卷开展的定量调查为主。评估内容包括家长的儿童伤害预防知信行(44篇)和家庭环境安全性(3篇)，评估对象主要集中在学龄前儿童家长。定量调查中，8篇研究验证了所用评估工具的信效度，信度检验指标包括重测信度和Cronbach α系数，效度指标包括内容效度、结构效度和效标效度。  结论  现有研究中缺乏适用于中国儿童及家长的儿童伤害预防家庭监护能力评估工具，今后开发相应评估工具时应考虑不同儿童年龄段特点、不同伤害类型以及信效度问题。

Research progress on assessment of parental ability to prevent child injury

  Objective  To review the articles evaluating parental ability on child injury prevention and to provide suggestions for developing assessment index for parental ability on child injury prevention.  Methods  Relevant studies were retrieved from the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Medline, Springer, and Web of Science, and were reviewed based on instruments, contents, as well as reliability and validity of instruments.  Results  A total of 47 articles were included for analysis. The methods for assessment mainly include quantitative and qualitative investigation, mainly quantitative surveys through scales or questionnaires. Assessment contents mainly included parental knowledge, attitudes and practice on child injury prevention(44 papers), as well as home safety(3 papers).The evaluation object mainly concentrated on parents of preschool children. A small part of studies tested the reliability and validity of the instruments in quantitative investigations.The reliability test indexes included retest reliability and Kronbach coefficient, and the validity test indexes included content validity, structure validity and scale validity.  Conclusion  There is a lack of assessment tools for evaluating parents' ability on child injury prevention in Chinese background. The development of corresponding assessment tools should consider the characteristics of children in different age groups, injury types, as well as its reliability and validity.