大学生风险感知自我效能和态度与新冠肺炎防护行为的关系

  目的  探讨大学生群体风险感知、自我效能和态度与新型冠状病毒肺炎个体防护行为的关系，为疫情防控干预措施提供参考依据。  方法  2021年10—11月采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，抽取安徽省8所高校大学生4 092名进行问卷调查，使用t检验和方差分析进行组间比较，采用多重线性回归分析探讨大学生群体风险感知、自我效能和态度与新型冠状病毒肺炎个体防护行为的关系。  结果  大学生情感风险感知(ARP)总分为(19.72±4.01)分，认知风险感知(CRP)总分为(14.56±3.64)分，距离感知(DIP)总分为(18.04±5.33)分，自我效能总分为(27.27±6.74)分，态度信念总分为(26.15±4.54)分，个体防护行为总分为(25.67±4.45)分。情感风险感知(β=0.16)、认知风险感知(β=0.08)、态度(β=0.23)和自我效能(β=0.13)均与大学生个体防护行为正向相关(P值均 < 0.01)，而距离感知作用无统计学意义(P>0.05)。  结论  大学生群体风险感知、自我效能和态度与新型冠状病毒肺炎个体防护行为相关。高校应强化大学生的一般自我效能感和关注态度，提高学生风险认知水平，促进校园疫情的有效防控。

Group risk perception and self-efficacy with individual prevention/control behaviors among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic

  Objective   To explore the relationship between group risk perception, self-efficacy and attitudes among college students, and its associations with individual prevention and control behaviors regarding COVID-19 pandemic.  Methods  From October to November 2021, data were collected among 4 092 undergraduate students from eight colleges and universities in Anhui Province, using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. A t-test and analysis of variance were performed for comparison between groups, while multiple linear regression was employed to investigate group risk perception, self-efficacy and attitudes among college students in terms of individual COVID-19 prevention and control measures.  Results  The total scores of group emotional risk perception (ARP), cognitive risk perception (CRP), distance perception (DIP) and self-efficacy were (19.72±4.01)(14.56±3.64)(18.04±5.33) and (27.27±6.74), respectively. The total score of attitudes and beliefs was (26.15±4.54), while individual prevention and control behavior was (25.67±4.45). Emotional risk perception (β=0.16), cognitive risk perception (β=0.08), attitudes (β=0.23) and self-efficacy (β=0.13) were positively correlated with individual prevention and control behaviors of college students(P < 0.05). However, distance risk perception had no significant effect (P>0.05).  Conclusion  Risk perception, self-efficacy and attitude of college students are correlated with individual COVID-19 prevention and control behaviors. Therefore, colleges and universities should strengthen general self-efficacy and attitude, and improve risk awareness towards COVID-19 among college students, and promote the effective prevention and control of campus epidemic.