江西省农村初中生健康素养与不良饮食行为的关联

  目的  了解江西省农村地区初中生健康素养状况与不良饮食行为的关联，为探索改善学生不良饮食行为的矫正策略提供参考。  方法  采用分层整群随机抽样法对江西省农村地区50所中学4 311名七至八年级学生的健康素养及不良饮食行为进行问卷调查，运用χ2检验和Logistic回归分析初中生健康素养与不良饮食行为之间的关联。  结果  农村地区初中生健康素养水平具备率(≥58分)为18.21%。不良饮食行为发生率相对较高，其中三餐时间不固定的报告率最高，为62.33%，其次为经常喝含糖饮料(54.60%)、不经常喝奶制品(50.38%)、不每天吃早餐(36.23%)、不经常食用蔬果(19.53%)。低水平健康素养者三餐时间不固定(OR=1.35，95%CI=1.11~1.65)、不每天吃早餐(OR=1.23，95%CI=1.01~1.49)、不经常喝奶制品(OR=1.29，95%CI=1.07~1.55)、不经常食用蔬果(OR=1.45，95%CI=1.10~1.92)和经常喝含糖饮料(OR=1.39，95%CI=1.15~1.68)的风险均高于高水平健康素养者(P值均<0.05)。  结论  江西省农村地区初中生健康素养与不良饮食行为之间存在关联，学校、家庭、政府及有关部门可以通过提升初中生健康素养水平来矫正其不良饮食行为，以改善初中生的健康状况。

Relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province

  Objective  To understand the relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, and to provide a reference for specific strategies for healthy eating behavior.  Methods  Stratified cluster random sampling was used to investigate the health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of 4 311 students in grades 7 to 8 from 50 middle schools in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, the relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior was analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic regression.  Results  Health literacy of junior middle school students in rural areas (≥58 points) was 18.21%. Prevalence of unhealthy eating behavior was relatively high, among which irregular three meal time was the highest (62.33%), followed by high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage, insufficient dairy products consumption, breakfast skipping ever day and insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables, accounting for 54.60%, 50.38%, 36.23% and 19.53%, respectively. The risk of irregular meal time (OR=1.35, 95%CI=1.11-1.65), breakfast skipping every day (OR=1.23, 95%CI=1.01-1.49), insufficient dairy products consumption (OR=1.29, 95%CI=1.07-1.55), insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.92) and high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage (OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.15-1.68) was higher than students with high health literacy (P<0.05).  Conclusion  There is a correlation between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, schools, families, governments and relevant departments can improve the health literacy level of junior high school students to improve their unhealthy eating behavior, so as to improve the health status of junior high school students.