重庆市中小学生体质状况分析

目的了解重庆市2000年和2010年中小学生体质发育状况及其变化规律,为提高中小学生体质健康水平提供科学依据。方法对2000年和2010年全国学生体质与健康调研重庆片区7 200名7～18岁中小学生的形态、机能和素质指标进行分析。结果重庆市中小学生2010年与2000年相比,城男、乡男、城女、乡女10 a间身高分别平均增长了2.30,3.76,2.09和2.66 cm;体重分别增长了3.76,3.89,2.36和2.71 kg;身体机能指标中肺活量呈下降趋势;身体素质发展不平衡,城男、城女、乡男、乡女立定跳远成绩分别提高了7.23,9.99,7.80和7.63 cm;乡村男女学生50 m跑成绩分别提高0.19,0.17 s,城市女生下降了0.08 s;城市男女小学生和城市中学女生耐力分别提高了5.13,3.90和6.13 s。结论中小学生身体形态的生长水平处于增长阶段,城乡差异依然存在。应针对学生身体机能指标和部分素质指标下降的特点,采取相关干预措施,增强学生体质。

Study on physical constitution among students in Chongqing

Objective To study the physical constitution development and its change rules,and to provide scientific evidence for improving the students’ physical constitution.Methods Data were from 2000 and 2010 National Student Physical Fitness and Health Research Area Chongqing test data form,function,quality indicators and their derived indicators for analysis,a sample of 7 200 students aged 7 to 18 years in primary and secondary were chosen.Results The results of 2010 were compared with those of 2000,the height increased 32.30,3.76,2.09 and 2.66 cm,the body weight increased 3.76,3.89,2.36 and 2.71 kg for urban boys,rural boys,urban girls and rural girls,respectively.Pulmonary activity showed a dounward trend,physical development was unbalance.The marks of standing for jumping was improved 7.23,9.99,7.80 and 7.63 cm;50 m running was improved 0.19 and 0.17 s for rural boys and girls but decreased 0.08 s for urban girls.The endurance was improved 5.13,3.90 and 6.13 s for urban primary school boys and girls and urban middle school girls.Conclusion Primary and secondary levels in the body shape of the growth phase of growth,urban-rural differences still exist.Relevant interventions should be taknen to enhance the physical fitness of students.