北京市西城区中学生体力活动情况及肥胖超重影响因素分析

目的了解北京市西城区中学生体力活动的情况,探讨中学生超重肥胖相关行为现状及影响因素,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法,对北京市西城区9所中学59个班级1 930名在校生使用"北京市青少年健康相关行为调查问卷"进行调查。结果在过去7 d中,有74.8%和59.1%中学生分别参加体育锻炼和中等强度运动;平均每天看电视、玩电子游戏、上网超过2 h的报告率分别为24.9%,11.9%和31.9%。参加体育锻炼、中等强度运动、玩电子游戏行为报告率男生高于女生。职高学生、自感学习成绩差的中学生运动行为报告率较低,静态行为报告率较高。母亲文化程度越高,家庭类型为核心或大家庭中学生运动行为报告率越高,静态行为报告率越低。男生患超重肥胖的危险是女生的3.207倍;平均每天看电视超过4 h的中学生患超重肥胖的危险是平均每天看电视不足1 h中学生的1.755倍。结论广泛开展健康教育,增强中学生健康理念,引导科学运动,控制看电视、上网和玩电子游戏的时间,可以减少青少年超重和肥胖的发生。

Physical activity and its influencing factors among middle and high school students in Xicheng District of Beijing

Objective To investigate the situation of physical activity and exercise of students as well as its influencing factors in middle and high schools of Xicheng District,to explore the possible behavior and reason that cause the obesity,finally to provide the theoretical basis of developing the effective intervention.Methods A self-administered questionnaire was conducted in 9 middle and high schools in Xicheng District of Beijing.Totally 1 930 students in 59 classes were enrolled by using stratified random sampling method.Results Among those students,74.8% and 59.1% students respectively took part in physical exercises and moderate intensity exercise.The static behavior reported rates of watching television,playing video game and surfing the Internet were separately 24.9%,11.9% and 31.9%.The reported rates of taking part in exercise,moderate intensity exercise,playing video game behavior of the boys were higher than girls,and the other of the girls were higher in the rest.Vocational students,self-perceived poor in school academic performance students reported lower rate in taking part in exercise,and higher rate in the static behavior.Exercise behavior reported rate of students that their mother’s cultural degree were higher or from a core or big family was higher and lower in reported rate of the static state behavior.The risks of the boys were overweight or obese was 3.207 times than that of the girls;And the reported rate of the students who watching television longer than 4 hours every day on the average were 1.755 times than that of the students who watching television less than one hour every day on the average.Conclusion Health education should be extensively developed to enhance the students’ health concept,and to lead them to scientific exercise,improve their scientific sport exercise time and intensity,cultivate their interest in sports and hobbies,control surfing the Internet and watching TV,playing computer games time,so as to reduce the occurrence of overweight and obese in adolescents.