中专学生童年期羞辱经历及其与心理健康的关联

目的了解中专学生儿童期羞辱的发生情况，探讨儿童期羞辱经历的社会影响因素及其与学生心理健康的关联，为制定干预策略提供依据。方法采用自填式问卷，对石家庄某中专学校学生484名的儿童期羞辱经历进行不记名调查。结果46．7％的学生16岁前曾经历过至少1次羞辱。对儿童羞辱的人，排在前5位的依次是同伴／同学(30．6％)、教师(25．8％)、父亲(21．1％)、母亲(20．9％)和兄弟姐妹(18．4％)。有过儿童期羞辱经历的学生，SCL-90量表中的躯体症状、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性症状等9个因子的均分均明显高于没有儿童期羞辱经历的学生，而且儿童期羞辱经历与人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执、精神病性症状等因子均分和SCL-90总均分有随羞辱程度加重而上升的剂量反应趋势。结论中专学校学生儿童期羞辱问题常见。儿童期羞辱经历与青少年学生心理健康问题明显相关。在学校和社区应开展预防儿童虐待的干预活动，使教师和家长掌握有利于儿童身心健康发展的教育方法，制定相应的法律法规，规范教师、家长的行为，制止对儿童的羞辱。

Childhood Humiliated Experience and Its Correlation with the Mental Health in Technical Secondary School Students

Objective To ascertain the prevalence of childhood humiliated experience in technical secondary school students, to explore the relationships between social influencing factors and their mental health, and to provide basis for prevention strategies. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 484 technology secondary school students in Shijiazhuang. Results Overall, 46.7% of students experienced humiliation at least one time before 16 years old. The students reported that the humiliations were mainly from peers/classmates(30.6%), teachers(25.8%), fathers(21.1%), mothers(20.9%) and brothers/sisiters(18.4%), respectively. Compared with their peers who had no humiliated experience, the students with humiliated experience showed significantly higher scores in psychological symptoms of somatization, obsessive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, photic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism, and there were a dose reaction trends between humiliated experience and the mean score of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and total score of SCL - 90. Conclusion Childhood humiliations are common. It is associated with mental problems. The interventions of child maltreatment in school and community should be developed to ensure the teachers and parents grasp better education skills and some relative regulations should be made to restrict humiliated behaviors to children.