北京市2014年高中生饮酒行为及其影响因素分析

了解北京市高中生饮酒相关行为现状及其影响因素,为预防青少年过早饮酒和过量饮酒提供依据.方法 2014年3-5月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取北京市18个区县的15 726名高中生进行健康危险行为自填问卷调查.结果 北京市高中生曾饮酒率为67.9%,13岁前饮酒率为35.2%,现在饮酒率为41.0%,过量饮酒率为16.6%.“与家人朋友喝”是北京市高中生饮酒的最主要原因.职业技术学校、男生、高二、母亲高中文化水平、重组家庭、人均月收入高和学习成绩差的高中生各项饮酒率均较高.有健康危险行为的高中生更容易出现饮酒相关行为,如有吸烟行为的学生更容易发生现在饮酒行为(OR=4.41,95%CI=3.90~4.98),有打架行为的学生更容易出现过量饮酒行为(OR=2.00,95%CI=1.77~2.26),有性行为的学生更容易出现13岁前饮酒行为(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.36~1.84),有尝试自杀行为的学生更容易出现过量饮酒行为(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.27~2.19).结论 在预防青少年饮酒相关行为时,应考虑年龄、家庭、性别等因素,并重视其他健康危险行为因素的影响,家庭和学校需尽早积极开展预防青少年饮酒行为的综合性健康教育.

Characteristics of drinking behavior of high school students in Beijing and its influencing factors

Objective To describe the drinking behavior of high school students in Beijing,and explore possible preventive interventions.Methods The study was conducted between April and May in 2014.An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 15 726 high school students who were selected by stratified cluster sampling method from 18 districts of Beijing.Results Of students surveyed,67.9% of them reported ever-using alcohol,35.2% reported drinking before 13 years of age.During the past 30 days,41.0% students reported consuming at least one alcoholic drink and 16.6% reported at least one episode of binge drinking.The main reason for drinking alcohol was to be with their families or peers.Boys were more likely to drink alcohol than girls.Key high school students were less likely to drink alcohol.Students who had other health related risk behaviors were more likely to have alcohol drinking related behaviors,i.e.students who smoked were more likely to drink alcohol during the past 30 days (OR=4.41,OR95%CI=3.90-4.98),who had fighting behavior were more likely to have binge drink(OR =2.00,95%CI=1.77-2.26),who had sexual intercourse were more likely to drink before 13 years of age(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.36-1.84),and who had suicidal behavior were more likely to have binge drink(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.27-2.19).Conclusion Age,family,sex and health related risk behaviors such as smoking,fighting and sexual intercourse etc.should be considered in preventing drinking related be-haviors among high school students.The comprehensive health education of drinking behavior should be implemented early and actively in families and schools.