淮北市农村初中留守儿童生活质量现状分析

目的了解淮北市农村初中留守儿童生活质量现状，为改善农村留守儿童生活质量提供相关依据。方法运用“学校生活满意度量表”、“家庭亲密度与适应性量表”和“青少年生活事件量表”对淮北市82名农村初中留守儿童和196名非留守儿童进行问卷调查。结果留守儿童与非留守儿童在学校满意度的同伴、教师和学业因子上差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2．89，3．02，2．97，P值均〈0．01）。在学校环境因子、家庭亲密度因子、家庭适应性因子、人际关系和健康适应因子等因子上差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。留守儿童生活事件各因子上的性别差异均无统计学意义。在学校环境因子、家庭亲密度和适应性因子上的年级间差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。不同家庭背景的留守儿童各因子得分差异均无统计学意义。结论农村留守儿童的生活质量普遍低于非留守儿童，留守儿童中的女生、初二年级学生及城镇家庭学生的生活质量更低。

Quality of Life of Left-behind Children in Junior-Middle School in Rural Area in Huaibei

Objective To study the status of left-behind children in rural middle schools in Huaibei,and to provide evidence for improving their quality of life.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among 82 left-behind children and 196 normal ones in rural middle schools in Huaibei by using School Life Satisfaction Scale,Family Adaptability and Cohension Scale and Adolescent Life Event Scale.Results There was statistical significant differences in companions,teachers and school academics in School Life Satisfaction(t=2.89,3.02,2.97,P<0.01)and in the factors of school circumstance,family adaptability,family cohesion,interpersonal relationship and health adaptation(P<0.01).No statistical significant difference was found in each factors of life events between boys and girls.Statistical significant differences were also found in the factors of school circumstance,family adaptability and cohesion among the children in different grades(P<0.01).There were no differences in the factors between the left-behind children who residing in town or rural.Conclusion Quality of life of left-behind children is lower than in non-left-behind children,especially in the children of female,in grade two of junior middle-school and residing in town.