中国汉族中小学生视力低常患病率的地区差异

目的：分析１９９５年全国学生视力低常率地区差异。方法：采用１９９５年全国学生体质健康调研资料，比较城乡以及不同经济片视力低常率差异及年龄、性别分布特征。结果：７～１８岁中小学的平均视力随年龄上升而逐步下降，视力低常的患病率及其严重程度则明显上升。视力低常率为城女〉城男〉乡女〉乡男。视力不良主要性质是近视，近低年龄小学生中因无视及其他原因亦不容忽视。结论：中国学生视力低常率仍居高不下，仍需加强学校防

An Epidemiological Study on the Prevalence of Eyesight Dysfunction in the Primary and Secondary School Students in China

Objective:To analyses the interlocal differences in the prevalence of eyesight dysfunction of students in China.Methods:By using data from the 1995 National Surveillance on Students' Phsical Fitness and Health,the prevalence of eyesight dysfunction was analyzed among students in China.Results:The mean eyesight level of the subjects decreased,whereas the prevalence and degree of the eyesight dysfunction increased rapidly with age,the prevalence of eyesight dysfunction was put in order:urban girls >urban boys >rural girls>rural boys.Myopia was the leading contributor to eyesight dysfunction.However,more attention should be paid to other problems,such as hyperopia,amblyopia.Conclusions:The prevalence of eyesight dysfunction was still higher in the Chinese students,strategies and methods should be developed for improving eyesight of school students.