我国医疗卫生资源配置的区域差距测度

目的分析我国东、中、西部三个区域医疗卫生资源配置的差距及趋势,为优化资源配置及政府决策提供依据。方法运用基尼系数分析医疗卫生资源配置的区域差距及变化趋势。结果 2002—2011年卫生经费、床位、执业医师、护士的总体基尼系数分别由0.2808、0.1269、0.1407、0.1643下降到0.1057、0.0793、0.0994、0.1048;每年度卫生经费总体基尼系数大于床位、医师、护士;东部各省际间卫生经费、床位、护士基尼系数大于中、西部;区域间卫生经费、护士基尼系数大于区域内,区域内床位、医师基尼系数大于区域间。结论近十年来医疗卫生资源配置总体差距及东、中、西三个区域差距均在相对合理范围内并呈减小趋势;政府对医疗卫生财政投入仍不足;中西部区域医疗卫生人力资源配置亟待加强。

A survey of the allocation of medical health resources in China

Object To analyze the development of medical health resources allocation in the eastern,central and western regions of China in order to provide scientific knowledge for the government in making relevant policies. Methods The Gini coefficient was used for the analysis. Findings The overall Gini of health funding,beds,registered doctors,nurses dropped from 0. 2808,0. 1269,0. 1407,0. 1643 to 0. 1057,0. 0793,0. 0994,0. 1048 respectively. The Gini ratio of health funding, registered doctors,beds and nurses of the eastern provinces is higher than that of the western and central regions; The interregional Gini index of health funding and nurses is higher that the intraregional ratio. The intraregional ratio of beds and doctors appeared to be higher than the interregional ratio. Conclusions Over the past decade,the gap among three regions in the allocation of the medical health resources came to narrow gradually. Investment by the government investment in health care was still insufficient; The allocation of human resources in the central and western regions needs to be optimized.