宿舍环境与文化对大学生睡眠的影响及其机制研究

目的 了解大学生宿舍睡眠环境现状,探索宿舍环境和宿舍文化对大学生睡眠的影响机制,为提高大学生睡眠质量提供参考.方法 使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表和自行设计的问卷,通过整群抽样对北京市某大学医学专业本科生进行调查.结果 调查对象睡眠障碍发生率为22.6％,41.7％的学生认为宿舍睡眠环境对自己睡眠质量的影响大,不同宿舍环境下的学生匹兹堡睡眠质量指数差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.通径分析显示,宿舍文化通过宿舍睡眠环境这一中间变量对大学生睡眠质量产生影响.结论 人际关系、矛盾冲突、宿舍睡眠规则等宿舍文化因素会影响到成员对宿舍睡眠环境的评价,而宿舍环境会对成员的睡眠质量产生影响.

Effect and Mechanism of Dormitory Environment and Culture on College Students' Sleeping Quality

Objectives To investigate the situation of the dormitory environment for sleeping among college students, and to understand the effect and the mechanism of dormitory environment and culture on students＂ sleeping quality, thus to provide policy recommendation for improving sleeping environment and students＇ sleeping quality. Methods The undergraduate students in a medical school in Beijing were selected by cluster sampling method,and they were investigated by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire. Results The prevalence rate of sleeping disorder was 22.6 % , and 41.8% of the students considered that the sleeping environment had a large influence on their sleeping quality. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） for students under different circumstance has a statistically significant difference （P〈0.01）. Path analysis indicated that the dormitory culture had an important influence on sleeping quality through sleeping environment, an intermediate variable. Conclusions Dormitory culture such as interpersonal relationships, contradictions, sleeping routines will influence the evaluation of sleeping environment, and the sleeping environment has an influence on sleeping quality.