1992至2002年间中国居民超重率和肥胖率的变化

目的 分析我国居民1992至2002年间超重率和肥胖率的变化，为制订肥胖防治策略提供科学依据。方法 利用1992年第三次全国营养调查（78704人）和2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查（209849人）的资料，比较10年间我国居民超重率和肥胖率的变化。根据1978年世界卫生组织推荐的身高别体重Z评分判定7岁以下儿童的超重和肥胖，采用2003年中国肥胖问题工作组推荐的年龄别性别体重指数标准判定7至17岁人群的超重和肥胖，采用卫生部的《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防控制指南》推荐的标准判定≥18岁成年人的超重和肥胖。结果 10年间我国居民的超重率和肥胖率分别上升了38．6％和80．6％，其中0～6岁、7～17岁、18-44岁、45-59岁和960岁人群的超重率和肥胖率分别上升了31．7％、17．9％、66．7％、45．2％和43．7％。不同性别超重率和肥胖率的增长不同，0～6岁组女孩超重率和肥胖率上升幅度大于男孩，7岁以后各年龄组超重率和肥胖率的增长幅度均为男性大于女性。农村居民男女性的超重和肥胖增长幅度均高于城市居民。10年间估计超重和肥胖患病人数增加了1亿人，其中超重和肥胖的人数分别增加了7000多万和3000多万。结论 我国居民超重和肥胖均呈现迅速上升的趋势，超重和肥胖已经影响到我国近2亿6千万人，21世纪初期是我国肥胖干预的关键时期。

The prevalence of body overweight and obesity and its changes among Chinese people during 1992 to 2002

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of body overweight and obesity and its changes among Chinese people during 1992-2002, and to provide scientific basis for developing intervention strategies for obesity in China. METHODS: The data from "1992 China third National Nutrition Survey" (78,704 subjects, 38,323 male and 40,381 female) and from "2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey" (209,849 subjects, 101,377 male and 108,472 female) were used in this study. The overweight and obesity were defined by using WHO Z-score criteria for children younger than 7 years old, Chinese age-, sex-specific BMI criteria for children aged 7-17 years, and Chinese BMI criteria for adults. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity of Chinese people was increased by 38.6% and 80.6%, respectively during the period of 1992-2002. The prevalence of overweight and obesity of Chinese people aged 0-6 years, 7-17 years, 18-44 years, 45-59 years and above 60 years was increased 31.7%, 17.9%, 66.7%, 45.2% and 43.7%, respectively. The increase of the prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in girls younger than 6 years than their male counterparts, while among other age groups, that were higher in boys than girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among people living in rural areas was lower than that of their urban counterparts, while the increment of overweight and obesity prevalence among rural people was greater than that of their urban counterparts. It was estimated that another 70 million overweight and 30 million obese Chinese people emerged in China from 1992 to 2002. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of overweight and obesity of Chinese people was increased rapidly in the past decade, which had affected 260 million Chinese people. It would continue to increase in the near future if effective intervention measures have not been taken.