云南省Ⅲ类以上放射源辐射安全现状及管理对策

目的 为进一步抓好危险放射源的管理，保障放射源的辐射安全。方法 总结分析了近年来省内Ⅲ类以上放射源辐射安全现状、环境辐射和人员剂量监测数据、以及现场监督检查发现的问题和管理经验。结果 2018年云南省现有Ⅲ类以上放射源336枚，主要集中在工业辐照和放射治疗领域。辐射设施基本完好，放射源使用场所周围γ辐射剂量率监测结果在0.045~0.204 μGy·h^-1之间，低于相关标准要求。个人剂量监测结果满足职业人员限值要求。但在安保装置维护、放射源操作和应急准备等方面存在不足。结论 需严格许可证发放等监管力度，强化企业内部辐射安全管理和评估，注重应急培训和核安全文化建设。

Status of radiation protection and safety and management countermeasures for the application of radioactive sources of class III and above in Yunnan Province

Objective To improve the management of dangerous radioactive sources and ensure their radiation safety. Methods The safety status of radioative sources of Class III and above, the data of environmental radiation and individuals dose, and the problems and management experiences found by on-site supervision and inspection were summarized and analyzed. Results In 2018, there were 336 radioactive sources ofClass III and above in Yunnan Province, and they were mainly used in the fields of industrial irradiation and radiation therapy. The radiation facilities were basically intact, and the gamma radiation levels around the source sites were between 0.045~0.204 μGy·h^-1. The individual dose met the limit requirement of occupational personnel. However, there still existed some deficiencies in the maintenance of security device, the operation of radioactive sources and emergency preparedness. Conclusion It is necessary to strictly supervise the issuance of licenses, strengthen internal radiation safety management and evaluation, and focus on emergency training and nuclear safety culture construction.