铜绿假单胞菌耐药性动态变化特征及分析

目的分析我院6年来铜绿假单胞菌耐药性的变化,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据. 方法采用K-B纸片扩散法对临床标本分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行抗菌药物敏感性测定,数据输入WHONET4及SPSS 10.0软件进行对比统计分析. 结果对铜绿假单胞菌保持抗菌活性较强而耐药率＜30%的抗菌药物有阿米卡星、亚胺培南、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟等,但6年来铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率有普遍增高的趋势,其中对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、亚胺培南、哌拉西林、替卡西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦等抗生素的耐药率变化显著(P<0.05). 结论铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率高,多重耐药现象严重,根据药敏结果选择单一或联用抗菌药物,可有效控制和减缓细菌耐药性的增长.

Changes in Resistance Rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Guangzhou Area:Characteristics and Analysis

OBJECTIVE To investigate the trend of antibacterial resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Guangzhou area from Jan 1998 to Jun 2003, for the guidance of rational use of antibacterials. METHODS P. aeruginosa had been isolated and tested by K B method from clinical samples and antibiotic resistance was analyzed and studied retrospectively. RESULTS There was an elevated tendency of the resistance rates to common antibacterial in P. aeruginosa for past six years. The resistance rates to amikacin, imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, and cefepime were less than 30%. CONCLUSIONS The resistance rates to common antibacterial in P. aeruginosa are high and the resistance pattern is wide.To choice a single or more antibiotic for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection should be based on the drug sensitive trial.