医院感染危险因素调查分析

目的 分析住院患者医院感染的危险因素,为临床科室的医院感染预防与控制提供依据.方法 回顾性分析327例住院患者医院感染的临床资料.结果 327例患者中,呼吸道感染居首位,占56.27％,其次为消化道感染,占18.96％,泌尿道、皮肤切口、血液感染分别占8.87％、5.20％、4.89％；经单因素logistic回归分析后,年龄、住院时间、使用抗菌药物、泌尿道插管、气管插管、抗肿瘤治疗、恶性肿瘤、腹腔穿刺引流、使用呼吸机、免疫抑制剂或激素、抗真菌药物的使用、白细胞数和基础疾病等因素,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；多因素logistic回归分析后发现,年龄、住院时间、泌尿道插管、气管插管、恶性肿瘤、白细胞数和免疫抑制剂或激素的使用与医院感染的发生显著关联.结论 医院感染与患者高龄、住院时间长等多因素有关,必须加强对易感因素的预防和控制,减少医院感染的发生.

Analysis of risk factors for nosocomial infections

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial infections in inpatients,to provides the basis for clinical departments in prevention and control of hospital infections. METHODS The clinical data of 327 inpatients with nosocomial infections were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS In 327 cases,the most common nosocomial infection was respiratory tract infection,accounting for 56.27%,followed by gastrointestinal infection,accounting for 18.96%.Urinary tract infection,skin incision infection and bloodstream infection accounted for 8.87%,5.20% and 4.89% respectively.Single factor logistic regression analysis indicated that significant risk factors included: patient’s age,duration of hospitalization,use of antibiotics,urinary catheterization,tracheal intubation,anti-cancer treatment,malignant tumor,abdominocentesis or drainage,usage of respirator,immunosuppressant or hormones,usage of antifungal agents,white blood cell count and underlying diseases(P<0.05);results from the multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that patient’s age,duration of hospitalization,urinary catheterization,tracheal intubation,malignant tumor,white blood cell count and usage of immunosuppressant or hormones were significantly associated with occurrence of nosocomial infections(P<0.01). CONCLUSION Nosocomial infection is related to patient’s old age,length of hospital stay and other factors.Prevention and control of predisposing factors must be strengthened to reduce nosocomial infection.