重症监护病房细菌分布与变迁分析

目的回顾性研究重症监护病房(ICU)患者常见细菌分布及变迁,为合理使用抗菌药物、有效控制感染提供依据。方法分析2002年1月~2005年8月ICU患者分离所得413株细菌,总结细菌种类分布。结果413株细菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌87株、鲍氏不动杆菌48株、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌34株、表皮葡萄球菌30株、金黄色葡萄球菌20株、大肠埃希菌19株;其中常见细菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌(21·07%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(11·62%)和嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(8·23%)。结论重症监护病房感染源主要为革兰阴性菌,但嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌逐渐增多,应监测细菌变迁动态,合理使用抗菌药物。

Microbial Population Distribution in Intensive Care Unit:Analysis of Its Alteration

OBJECTIVE To study the alteration of microbial population distribution in intensive care unit (ICU) for the reference to clinical drug administration. METHODS The distributed features of 413 strains of infection germs detected among the patients of ICU were statistically analyzed during the years of 2002 to 2005. RESULTS The main germs of 413 strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(87 strains), Acinetobacter baumannii(48 strains), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(34 strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis(30 strains), S. aureus (20 strains) and Escherichia coli (19 strains). The first 3 species were P. aeruginosa (21.07%), A. baumannii(11.62%) and Sten. maltophilia (8.23%). CONCLUSIONS Most pathogens in ICU are Gram-negative bacteria and the proportion of Sten. maltophilia increases gradually. It is a very important clinical value to inspect the bacterial distribution and antibiotics should be used rationally.