甲醛对雄性小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质的影响及其机制

目的 研究甲醛对各阶段生殖细胞遗传物质的损伤及其机制。方法 选用雄性昆明种小鼠为研究对象，甲醛染毒剂量分别为0.2,2,20mg/kg。采用腹腔注射染毒5d，第6天处死一批小鼠，余下的小鼠于第14天处死。观察不同阶段生殖细胞遗传物质的损伤和生物材料中脂质过氧化物丙二醛（MDA）、铜和锌的变化。结果 甲醛能诱发早期精细胞微核率和精原细胞SCE频率显著升高；甲醛高剂量组能使小鼠睾丸组织中MDA含量明显程式高，Cu和Zn的含量显著降低。结论 甲醛能诱发小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质的损伤，睾丸组织脂质过氧化损伤；脂质过氧化作用可能是甲醛致遗传物质损伤的机制之一。

Effects and Mechanism of Formaldehyde on Genetic Materials in Male Mice Germ Cells

Objective To study the damage to genetic materials in germ cells at different stages by formaldehyde and its toxicity mechanism.Methods Male Kunming mice in experiment groups were exposed to formaldehyde by ip for 5 days at the dose of 0 2,2,and 20 mg/kg respectively.Some mice were sacrificed at the 6th day after exposure while the others at the 14th day.Damages to genetic materials in germ cells,changes of MDA,copper(Cu)and zinc(Zn)in biomaterials were observed.Results Micronucleus(MN)rates of sperm cells and sister chromatid exchange(SCE)rates of spermatogenous cells were significant increased in medium and high dose groups.In high dose group,the increase of MDA and the decline of copper and zinc in testicle tissue were also significant.Conclusions Formaldehyde can induce toxicity effects on genetic materials of germ cells and lipid peroxidation(LPO)in testicle tissue;LPO might be one of the toxicity mechanisms of the damage to genetic materials by formaldehyde.