女性生殖道感染住院病例抗生素应用现况调查及分析

目的:了解女性生殖道感染抗生素应用现况,为生殖道感染的医疗保健服务提供基础资料。方法:以整群抽样方法抽取兰州市四所医院(1所省级专科医院、3所省级综合医院)2003年度女性生殖道感染住院病历,查阅医嘱、对抗生素应用情况进行回顾性资料分析。结果:女性生殖道感染住院病例抗生素使用率100%,使用品种52种,使用频率居前3位者为甲硝唑(38·25%)、头孢噻肟钠(13·51%)、环丙沙星(11·64%)。首次用药抗生素使用率100%,使用品种41种,使用频率居前3位者为甲硝唑(31·99%)、环丙沙星(26·80%)、头孢噻肟钠(21·04%);抗生素联合用药占36·17%,且专科医院较综合医院高(P<0·05),给药途径以静脉点滴(97.19%)为主;抗生素不合理应用形式多样,其中以给药次数过少(54·71%)、联合过多(17·05%)、配伍不当(12·94%)较为突出;无药敏选药率达84%~100%。结论:女性生殖道感染治疗中抗生素使用率高,用药种类选择范围集中;药敏试验率低;存在不合理应用抗生素的现象。需严格规范临床抗生素的应用,提高用药水平,促进妇女生殖健康。

Application of Antibiotics in Female Genital Tract Infection

Objective: To study application of antibiotics in female genital tract infection in order to provide basic information for medical care. Methods: The cases were obtained by cluster sampling from four hospitals in Lanzhou (three comprehensive hospitals, one special hospital) in 2003. Results: The usage rate of antibiotics was 100% for inpatients of female genital tract infections. Fifty-two kinds of antibiotics were utilized and the first three rankings were Arilin(38.25%), Cefotaxime sodium(13.51%), and Ciprofloxacin(11.64%). The usage of antibiotics was 100% at the first medication with forty-one kinds. The first three rankings were Arilin(31.99%), Ciprofloxacin(26.80%), and Cefotaxime sodium(21.04%). The rate of combined antibiotics was 36.17% and it was higher in the special hospital than in the comprehensive hospitals(P<0.05). The intravenous drip (97.19%)was the major way of treatment. The usage of antibiotics unreasonably was various, and three ways of hyp-frequency(54.71%), overmuch and various combined antibiotics (17.05%), unsuitable combining(12.94%) stood out. Conclusion: The usage of antibiotics is frequent in treatment of female genital tract infection, but it has less varieties. The inappropriate usage of antibiotics exists. It is important and necessary to standardize the clinical application to promote female reproductive health.