育龄妇女人工流产的社会心理学研究

运用社会心理学研究中的专题讨论会方法,了解上海育龄妇女对人工流产和人工流产是否影响妇女健康的看法。1993年在上海市区召开了14次专题讨论会,共调查140例对象,其中无人工流产史育龄妇女69例,一次及以上人工流产史育龄妇女71例。研究的主要结果为:①对避孕失败致意外妊娠而需终止妊娠者,人工流产是一种安全、有效、不能完全被药物流产等方法替代的补救措施。②尽管发生率不高,但人工流产术会有一些并发症及对其后的妊娠有不利的影响,如人工流产后继发不育、自然流产、子宫内膜异位和习惯性流产、生殖系统疾病。③人工流产不仅会危害妇女的生殖健康,还影响妇女的心理状况,使得有人工流产经历的妇女降低了性生活频率和兴致。④教育程度和既往人工流产经历影响育龄妇女对人工流产手术的看法。⑤希望在人工流产时使用麻醉药,进一步提高避孕药具的有效性,加强对人工流产施术者的职业道德教育,理解和同情妇女接受人工流产所受的痛苦。

Social Psychological Research of Induced Abortion among Cnild-Bearing Women.

In this study .focus group discussion method of social psychological research was used to explore whether there existed the belief that earlier induced abortion affected women' s reproductive health. 14 focus group discussions had been held with 140 participants of women in Shanghai proper in 1993. 71 women had experienced at least one induced abort ion , 69 women had not had. The main results of the study were s (1) Induced abortion was a safe. effective back-up procedure for contraceptive failure and for medical treatment that could not be replaced completely by other methods even RU486. (2)Although the incidence of some complications/adverse outcomes of subsequent pregnancies associated with prior induced abortion experience was not very high,the procedure could still be harmful to women' health. Some might suffer from secondary infertility.spontaneous and habitual abortion. endometriosis and premature delivery as well as other diseases. (3) Psychological harm was also found that the experience of tremendous pain from the operation was common among the praticipants in the study and often affected women' s interest and approach to subsequent coitus. (4)Education levels and prior induced abortion experience were related with participants' point of view of induced abortion operation. (5) Should improve effectiveness of available contraceptives, use anesthesia to reduce pain, provid more rigorous technical training to improve provider skill in applying available techniques. (This study received financial support from Task Force of Social Science Research,WHO/HRP)