乙肝疫苗免疫规划对乙肝流行影响

目的了解乙型肝炎(HB)疫苗纳入免疫规划后,江苏省HB的流行病学特征及影响因素。方法根据《2006年全国人群乙肝等有关疾病血清学调查总体方案》,对3 906人进行现场和血清流行病学调查,并对结果进行描述流行病学分析。结果全省HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率和乙肝病毒(HBV)感染率分别为4.99%,58.70%,25.91%和25.93%。15岁人群乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种率达96.99%;HBsAg、抗-HBc阳性率及HBV感染率均比其他年龄组低,抗-HBs阳性率则较高,首针及时接种率为70.75%。城市HBsAg阳性率为5.19%,农村为4.80%。家庭中HBsAg阳性者关系中,夫妻占41.67%。结论HepB纳入免疫规划后,江苏省乙肝感染率大幅下降,15岁人群更为明显,感染高峰后移;15岁人群首针及时接种率仍处于较低水平。

Epidemic characteristics of hepatitis B after hepatitis B vaccine integrated into EPI

Objective To evaluate epidemic characteristics and risk factors of hepatitis B(HB)after the HBV integrated into the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)in Jiangsu province.Methods Totally 3 906 participants were included for the field and sero-epidemiology survey.Results The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc and the infection rate of HBV among the participants were 4.99%,58.70%,25.91%,and 25.93%,respectively.The vaccination rate was 96.99%in people＜15 years old and the in-time rate of the first vaccination was 70.75%.Compared with other age groups,the positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs and the infection rate of HBV in people＜15 years old were lower,but the positive rate of anti-HBS was higher.The positive rate of HbsAg in the urban and rural SUbiects were 5.19%and 4.80%,respectively.There were 41.67%of the couples being both HbsAg positive among the participants.Condusion After the HB vaccine introduced into EPI,both the infection rate of HBV and the positive rate of HosAg declined obviously,especially for the people＜15 years old.THE peak of infection was Iagged.The first dose timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine is still low.