武汉市青少年吸烟影响因素的路径分析

目的研究青少年吸烟的危险因素及其对吸烟的影响。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法。从武汉市3个城区中抽取普通和职业高中的高一和高二学生共1168人，1077人完成了调查问卷。采用探索性因子分析和路径分析方法进行分析。结果过去30d的吸烟率为10．3％，其中男生为21．0％，女生为1．8％，30d平均吸烟量为91．3支。结果显示，影响青少年吸烟量的直接因素有4个：饮酒、社会规范、初始吸烟年龄和吸烟朋友数，其他因素都是通过这几个因素间接影响青少年吸烟量。影响吸烟的前4位因素标准回归系数估计值为饮酒（0．3543）、朋友吸烟（0．3050）、性别（0．1820）、多动（0．1275）。结论今后干预措施应着重考虑预防青少年饮酒、减少吸烟朋友数以及改变青少年对吸烟社会规范的认识，重点人群为男生和具有多动特质的儿童。

Path analysis on influence factors of adolescents in Wuhan city

Objective To investigate the moderators and mediators of cigarette use among adolescent smokers. Methods 1 168 students were recruited with randomly stratified sampling from general high school and vocational high schools in three urban areas of Wuhan city. 1 077 of them completed paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Results 10.3 percent of subjects reported smoking in the past 30 days and the average amount in 30 days was 91.3 cigarettes. With path analysis, the results showed that alcohol drinking, social norm of smoking, initial age of smoking and number of smoking friends were directly related with current smoking amounts, other risk factors were the mediators with the current smoking. Conclusion It indicates that the smoking reduction intervention among adolescents should focus on adolescent drinking, peer smoking, social norms of smoking, especially on the boys and those with hyperactivity.