2006-2009年株洲市60岁及以上老年人跌倒/坠落伤害流行病学特征分析

目的探讨2006-2009年株洲市60岁及以上老年人跌倒/坠落伤害的流行病学特征,为施行科学有效的防制措施提供依据。方法收集2006-2009年株洲市3家伤害监测哨点医院的伤害监测报告卡,对因跌倒/坠落入院、具有本地户籍老年人（≥60岁）的人口学资料及伤害发生情况进行流行病学研究。结果 3家哨点医院共接诊因跌倒/坠落入院的老年人2 360名,占所有因伤害入院就诊老年患者总数的56.96%;患者多为小学文化;冬季、中旬和晚上（18：00-4：59）的跌倒/坠落患者所占比例相对较大;伤害多发生在家中;常见于休闲活动的过程中;伤害性质以骨折所占比例最大;以伤及下肢相对多见;多为轻度伤害,常选择观察/住院/转院治疗。不同年龄组、文化程度、伤害发生地点及伤害发生时所从事的活动之间,老年跌倒/坠落患者占伤害患者人数的构成比不同。结论株洲市老年跌倒/坠落伤害占株洲市老年伤害的比例较大,对老年人的生活质量造成严重影响,应有针对性地开展心理、行为和环境干预。

Analysis on epidemiological features of the falls injury in Zhuzhou City from 2006 to 2009

Objective To describe and analyze the characteristics and distribution of falls injury in senior residents over 60 years old in Zhuzhou City,and to provide the evidence for comprehensive prevention and effective interventions.Methods According to the data of injury surveillance in Zhuzhou City,Excel 2003 and SPSS 15.0 software were used for data processing and statistical analysis.Results 2 360 old people were admitted by three sentinel hospitals,accounting for 56.96% of all injury patients;primary school education level,＂Winter＂,＂mid＂ and ＂night（18：00～4：59）＂ accounted for a large proportion of patients;mostly occured in the ＂home＂;common in ＂leisure activity＂;＂fracture＂ was the common nature of the harm.Proportions of old fall injuries accounting for the injuried patients were different between various age groups,education level,location and activities.Conclusions Falls injury has become an important cause affecting the life of the senior residents over 60 years old in Zhuzhou City.We should be highly aware of the dangers of falls in seniors,and conduct community interventions as soon as possible.