护士工作场所暴力流行病学研究

目的探讨护士工作场所暴力的流行病学特征，为有效预防与控制工作场所暴力提供科学依据。方法整群与分层抽样相结合，调查广东省所属广州、揭阳、深圳和东莞4市医院在职护士工作场所暴力发生情况，采用频数分析和Logistic回归等统计方法对资料进行处理。结果被调查到的3319名护士在过去的一年中有2085人遭受过工作场所暴力，个别护士甚至因暴力伤害而致残或遭受强奸（含未遂），暴力的年发生率为62．82％，其中心理暴力为62．07％，身体暴力为15．06％。暴力多发生在急诊科或住院部各科室，科室内部以病房和护士站最常见，近1／3的暴力事件发生在晚依班。男性护士比女性护士更容易遭受暴力伤害，小于40岁年龄段护士是工作场所暴力的高危人群。受访者认为传媒在暴力防治过程中起重要作用。结论护士工作场所暴力问题严重，正逐渐成为一种职业伤害。护士个人、医院、政府以及社会传媒应共同努力，消除暴力隐患，尽量减少和避免护士工作场所暴力发生。

Epidemiological study on workplace violence afflicting nurses in hospitals in Guangdong

Objective To study the epidemiological features of nurse workplace violence in hospitals. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on hospital nurses from four different cities in Guang-dong Province. Results Among the 3 319 nurses investigated, 2 085 have been subjected to workplace violence in the last 12 months preceding the survey with a rate of 62.82%, accounting for 62.07% of psychological violence and 15.06 % of physical violence respectively. In exceptional cases, a few nurse victims ended up crippled or raped （including not accomplished）. Most workplace violence happened in accident and emergency departments and inpatient departments, where the nurse stations and the wards were the main places. One third of workplace violence happened during night shift. Male nurses were more vulnerable to workplace violence than female. Those victims aged 40 years below were at greatest risk. Media were thought playing an important role in violence prevention and control. Conclusions Se- riousness of nurse workplace violence in hospitals entails necessity of taking comprehensive measures. Hospitals, government and media are expected to work together for violence prevention and control.