湖北省恩施土家族自治州中老年人群超重及肥胖的流行病学调查

目的了解湖北省恩施州土家族中老年人超重和肥胖的流行状况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法，抽取恩施州7县（市）、区1205名年龄≥35岁的居民进行面访。结果超重与肥胖的年龄标化患病率分别为33．1％和8．7％，超重及肥胖调整现患率男性为34．7％和10．2％，女性为32．6％和7．2％。男女超重肥胖现患率在各年龄组间差异有统计学意义，随年龄增高而上升。男性超重和肥胖现患率随着文化程度的增高明显增加，女性则呈相反趋势。男性公务员超重率最高，女性公务员超重率最低，男女皆以农民的肥胖率最低。在超重肥胖人群中，一些主要的慢性非传染性疾病的患病率明显高于非超重肥胖人群。结论恩施州超重及肥胖现患率呈现性别、年龄、职业、文化及经济收入间的差异。超重肥胖人群是慢性病防治的重点干预人群。

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in people aged 35 and older in Enshi Tujia Nationality Autonomous State, Hubei Province

Objective To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related risk factors of people aged 35 and older in Enshi Tujia Nationality Autonomous State,Hubei Province.Methods A prevalence study using questionnaire survey was conducted on risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among 1 205 residents aged 35 and older in 7 counties of Enshi Tujia Nationality Autonomous State.Results The age-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 33.1% and 8.7% respectively,and the adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 34.7% and 10.2% respectively for males,32.6% and 7.2%respectively for females.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity for both males and females increased gradually with age.Two trends were observed,namely,obesity increased with age throughout middle age,and decreased with age in the elderly.Educational level in females had a negative effect on rates of overweight and obesity,but showed an opposite effect on males.Male officials had the highest overweight rates whereas females had the lowest.There were lowest obesity rates among male and female farmers.The incidence of chronic diseases among the people of overweight and obesity were obviously higher than that among normal people.Conclusions Age,gender,occupation,educational level and income have impact on the age-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Enshi District.