云南省德宏州2017年婚检人群HIV感染率及影响因素分析

目的了解2017年德宏州进行婚前医学检查人群中的(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染状况并分析其影响因素。方法整理2017年德宏州的婚检人群数据,描述分析其人口学特征,并使用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析相应的影响因素。结果 2017年德宏州共有21 875例婚检者参与HIV检测,有98人确证为HIV抗体阳性,HIV感染率为0. 45%,男性感染率为0. 47%(52/10 955),女性感染率为0. 42%(46/10 920)。98例感染者中有20名感染者为首次新报告阳性,感染途径以性传播感染为主,占81. 63%(80/98)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示:年龄、民族、是否吸毒是婚检人群HIV感染的影响因素。相对于25岁以下人群,31～、41～岁年龄组人群HIV感染危险性增加(OR=3. 78,95%CI:1. 81～7. 89,P <0. 001; OR=3. 95,95%CI:1. 72～9. 08,P=0. 001);傣族、景颇族的HIV感染危险性高于汉族(OR=1. 86,95%CI:1. 06～3. 29,P=0. 031; OR=3. 25,95%CI:1. 81～5. 84,P <0. 001)。吸毒人群的HIV感染危险性远高于不吸毒人群(OR=926. 76,95%CI:271. 65～3161. 71,P <0. 001)。结论年龄、民族、是否吸毒为婚检人群HIV感染的影响因素,需要对危险因素采取针对性措施。HIV感染途径以性传播感染为主,通过婚检可以有效发现并控制HIV传播。

HIV prevalence and risk factors among premarital couples in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province, 2017

  Objective  To understand the prevalence of HIV infection and its influencing factors in the premarital physical examination population in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 2017.  Methods  The data of people receiving premarital medical examination was collected, the demographic characteristics was described and the related factors was analyzed by Logistic regression.  Results  There were 21 875 participants receiving premarital medical examination in Dehong. 98(0.45%) participants were confirmed positive for HIV and male infection rate was 0.47% (52/10 955) and female was 0.42% (46/10 920). Among the 98 patients, 20 patients were infected in the first time, and main route was sexual transmission accounting for 81.63% (80/98). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age, ethnicity and drug use were the influencing factors for premarital couples infecting HIV. The risk of HIV infection in 31-40 and 41-50 years old group was higher than the people under 25 years old group(OR=3.78, 95% CI: 1.81-7.89, P<0.001;OR=3.95, 95% CI: 1.72-9.08, P=0.001). The infection risk of Dai and Jingpo ethnic group was higher than that of the Han ethnic(OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.06-3.29, P=0.031;OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.81-5.84, P<0.001). The risk of infection among drug users was much higher than non-drug users (OR=926.76, 95% CI: 271.65-3 161.71, P<0.001).  Conclusion  Age, ethnicity, and drug use are influencing factors of HIV infection among premarital couples. Targeted measures need to be taken against risk factors. HIV infection is mainly transmitted by sexual transmission. It can be effectively detected and controlled through premarital medical examination.