深圳市2011-2014年孕妇乙型肝炎病毒感染状况分析

目的 了解2011-2014年深圳市孕妇乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus，HBV）感染状况，为预防和控制乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）母婴传播提供科学依据。方法 对到助产机构初次进行产前检查的孕妇免费检测乙肝两对半，并由助产机构责任医生将孕妇的基本信息及检测结果录入自主研发的信息管理系统，通过SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果 深圳市孕妇乙肝表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen，HBsAg）阳性率、乙肝表面抗体（antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen，抗-HBs）阳性率、乙肝病毒e抗原（hepatitis B e antigen，HBeAg）阳性率、乙肝病毒e抗体（antibody to hepatitis B e antigen，抗-HBe）阳性率及乙肝病毒c抗体（antibody to hepatitis B core antigen，抗-HBc）阳性率分别为8.40%、47.84%、3.11%、12.28%、21.24%。不同年份、户籍类型、年龄、文化程度和职业的孕妇HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe和抗-HBc这五项指标阳性率之间的差异均有统计学意义（均有P<0.001）。结论 深圳市孕妇HBsAg阳性率仍高于全国水平，半数以上孕妇没有检测到抗-HBs，流动人口孕妇HBV感染状况较常住人口严重。加强深圳市孕妇的免疫接种和查漏补种，有助于控制乙肝母婴传播。

Analysis on hepatitis B infection of pregnant women in Shenzhen City from 2011 to 2014

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) of pregnant women in Shenzhen City from 2011 to 2014,and to provide scientific evidences for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B prevention and control.Methods Pregnant women were advised to screen for HBV serologic markers without charge when they come for a prenatal checkup.The screening results and general demographic information were collected by information management system developed by Division of Information in Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention and were analyzed by SPSS 19.0.Results The positive rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg),antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (Anti-HBs),hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg),antibody to hepatitis B e antigen (Anti-HBe) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HBc) in pregnant women were 8.40％,47.84％,3.11％,12.28％ and 21.24％,respectively.There were significant differences in positive rates of HBsAg,Anti-HBs,HBeAg,Anti-HBe and Anti-HBc between registered and transient pregnant women,different year,different age,education level and profession (all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of HBV in pregnant women in Shenzhen was higher than the national wide and Anti-HBs was not detected in more than a half of pregnant women,so it is helpful to strengthen normal immune and leakage searching reseed work in pregnant women for controlling the transmission of HBV from mother to child.