鄂尔多斯市2009年-2016年流感病毒监测分析

目的掌握本地流感发病趋势,为流感防控提供可靠依据。方法对ILI咽拭子标本进行实时荧光定量PCR核酸检测。结果2009年-2016年门(急)诊共接诊ILI 53093例,ILI就诊百分比为5.18%;核酸检测ILI 3386例,阳性481份,乙型流感病毒阳性率最高,占44.49%,其次为季H3和新H1N1。流感的流行高峰为每年11月-次年3月。阳性率在男、女间差异无统计学意义。0岁~4岁ILI病例数、采集标本数,阳性数均最高;5岁~14岁阳性率最高,为23.11%;≥60岁ILI病例数、采集标本数、阳性数和阳性率均最低。ILI百分比与流感病毒核酸阳性率的时间流行趋势以及ILI和ILI流感病毒核酸检测的人群年龄分布均基本一致。结论新H1N1、乙型和季H3为主要流行型别;冬春季是流感流行高峰期;男、女均普遍易感;婴幼儿和中小学生是流感流行防控重点人群。将ILI病例监测和流感病毒病原学监测紧密结合,使得流感预警和防控更及时、有效。

Surveillance and analysis of influenza in Ordos during 2009-2016

Objective To keep track of local influenza trends,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR was performed for nucleic acid detection on ILI throat swab samples.Results From 2009 to 2016,a total of 53093 ILI patients were admitted to outpatient(emergency)clinics.The ILI consultation rate was 5.18%;3386 ILI cases were conducted for the test of nucleic acids,of which 481 were positive,and the highest positive rate of influenza B virus was 44.49%,followed by season H3 and new H1N1.The flu epidemic peaks from November to March each year.There was no statistical significance on the difference in the positive rate between men and women.The number of ILI cases,specimens and the positive rate was the highest in patients from 0 to 4 years old;the positive rate was the highest in patients from 5 to 14 years old,which was 23.11%;the number of ILI cases,specimens,positives,and positive rates is the lowest in patients≥60 years old.The prevalence trend of ILI rate and the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid,and the age distribution of the population of ILI and ILI influenza virus nucleic acid detection were basically the same.Conclusion New H1N1,type B and seasonal H3 are the main epidemic types;winter and spring are the peak seasons of influenza;both men and women are generally susceptible;infants,elementary and middle school students are the key populations for influenza epidemic prevention and control.The close integration of ILI case surveillance and influenza virus etiology surveillance makes influenza early warning and prevention and control more timely and effective.