乡镇工业砖瓦厂适用通风除尘技术研究

为了控制乡镇砖瓦厂排放粉尘对室内外空气的污染，在改进工艺的基础上，于各产尘点设置了密闭吸尘罩，有效地控制了粉尘向周围环境扩散。根据破碎、筛分等工序排放的含尘空气及粉尘特性，采用了冲击水浴除尘器除尘，针对风选粉碎机等工序排放的含尘空气及粉尘特性，采用了冲击－喷雾联合除尘器除尘。采用上述有效控制技术后，车间工作地点粉尘浓度由原来的每立方米数百毫克降到卫生标准２ｍｇ／ｍ３以下，两套通风除尘系统排放粉尘浓度降到排放标准１５０ｍｇ／ｍ３以下。冲击水浴除尘器的除尘效率为９７．６％，阻力为１４００Ｐａ；冲击－喷雾联合除尘器的除尘效率为９７．３％，阻力为１９００Ｐａ。两种除尘器排出的污泥可返回作生产原料，无二次污染问题。该除尘器结构简单，易于管理，成本低，便于自行制作。文中还给出了两种除尘器的粒径分级除尘效率，便于其它场合下准确的选用。

Appropriate Industrial Ventilation Facilities for Controlling Dust in Rural Brick and Tile Factory

In order to control the indoor and outdoor air pollution by dust in rural brick and tile factory,improvements on the process technology were firstly adapted to make the process continuous and mechanized.On these bases,two industrial ventilation systems were installed,in which different appropriate exhaust hoods were designed for various dust sources.Impinging scrubber was selected to treat the dust laden air from the crushing and sieving process.And impinging spray scrubber was selected in the ventilation system of the pulverizing process,after installation of the ventilation systems,the dust concentrations of those work places were reduced from the original 36～1575mg/m 3 to near 2mg/m 3,the hygienic standard of dust at the work place.The dust concentrations at the exits of the ventilation systems were reduced from the original 400～6000mg/m 3 to less than 150mg/m 3,the emission standard of dust from ventilation system.The overall collecting efficiency of the impinging scrubber is 97 6% with a pressure drop of 1400Pa,and the collecting efficiency of the impinging spray scrubber is 97 3% with a pressure drop of 1900Pa.Fractional collecting efficiencies of the scrubbers were also given.They are cheap and easy to handle.