2141名学龄前儿童血铅水平调查研究

目的:了解丰台区目前学龄前儿童血铅水平,为制定积极有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采取整群分层随机抽样的方法,选择北京市丰台区6所城区幼儿园和6所农村幼儿园在园2～6岁儿童2 141名,采用阳极溶出分析法测定血铅水平。结果:丰台区学龄前儿童血铅水平均数为73.90μg/L,其中铅中毒发生率为10.46%;儿童血铅水平存在显著的性别差异,男童铅中毒发生率高于女童,且具有统计意义;血铅水平以2岁组儿童血铅水平最高;儿童血铅水平无显著的地域差异,城市儿童血铅水平和血铅≥100μg/L的发生率与农村儿童无差别(P>0.05)。结论:目前丰台区儿童铅中毒绝大多数处于轻中度铅中毒水平,应采取积极、多样的健康宣教等干预措施防治儿童铅中毒。

Investigation on lead level in blood of 2 141 preschool children

Objective:To estimate lead level in blood of children in Fengtai District,provide scientific foundation for constituting effective intervention measures.Methods:2 141 preschool children aged 3～6 years from 12 kindergartens in Fengtai District were selected by stratified cluster sampling,the lead level in blood was detected by anodic stripping.Results:The mean lead level in blood was 73.90 μg/L,and the mean incidence of lead poisoning was 10.46%;the incidence of lead poisoning in boys was significantly higher than that in girls;the highest level of lead was found in children aged 2 years;there was no difference in lead level between different districts,while there was no difference in lead level≥100 μg/L between town and country(P>0.05).Conclusion:Lead poisoning of children in Fengtai District is mild or moderate,various healthy education should be carried out to prevent lead poisoning in children.