宁夏川区和山区妇女抑郁情绪现状及影响因素分析

目的了解宁夏川区和山区妇女抑郁情绪现状及影响因素的差异,为制定基于地区的妇女抑郁防控措施提供依据。方法2020年7—8月以方便抽样法选取调查对象,采用自制一般人口学问卷、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)及精神卫生与心理保健知识问卷对1816名妇女进行面对面问卷调查。结果川区和山区妇女抑郁总分分别为(5.04±3.55)分和(4.20±3.49)分,情感维度得分分别为(3.11±2.33)分和(2.69±2.28)分,身体症状维度得分分别为(1.93±1.60)分和(1.51±1.49)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.892,3.766,5.510,均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:影响川区妇女抑郁得分的因素包括年龄、文化程度、家庭年收入、精神卫生与心理保健知识水平(均P<0.05);影响山区妇女抑郁得分的因素包括户籍、年龄、职业及家庭常住人口数(均P<0.05)。结论宁夏川区妇女抑郁情绪比山区妇女更突出,川区和山区妇女抑郁情绪的影响因素有一定差异。今后应基于川区和山区社会环境的差异评估妇女抑郁情绪的流行状况,开展监测与差异化干预。

Analysis on depression status and influencing factors of women in plain area and mountain area of Ningxia

Objective To understand the differences of depression status and influencing factors between the women in plain area and mountain area of Ningxia,provide an evidence for regional-based prevention and control measures of depression among women.Methods From July to August in 2020,convenient sampling method was used to select respondents,a total of 1816 women were surveyed through face to face interview based on a self-made general demographic questionnaire,patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9),mental and psychological health questionnaire.Results The total depression scores of women in plain area and mountain area of Ningxia were(5.04±3.55)and(4.20±3.49),respectively,emotional dimension scores were(3.11±2.33)and(2.69±2.28),respectively,physical symptom dimension scores were(1.93±1.60)and(1.51±1.49),respectively,there were statistically significant differences(t=4.892,3.766,5.510,P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,culture level,annual family income,mental and psychological health knowledge level were influencing factors of depression scores in plain area women(P<0.05);registered residence,age,occupation,and the number of permanent residents were influencing factors of depression scores in mountain area women(P<0.05).Conclusion The depression of plain area women is more serious than mountain area women,and the influencing factors are different.In future,the prevalence of depression in women should be accurately assessed based on the differences in social environment between plain area and mountain area,monitoring and differentiated intervention should be carried out to reduce the incidence rate of depression.