深圳市盐田区居民艾滋病认知水平及知识需求调查

目的:了解未婚人群对艾滋病的认知情况,为有针对性地开展健康教育及预防干预提供参考依据。方法:采用随机抽样法抽取2007年8月～2009年7月在盐田区妇幼保健院进行婚前检查的人群,采用匿名问卷进行艾滋病相关知识调查。结果:调查对象中,91.1%(653/717)的人听说过艾滋病,对艾滋病经性传播、母婴传播和血液传播的知晓率分别为98.9%(646/653),91.6%(598/653)和96.3%(629/653)。调查对象最希望获取艾滋病预防方面的知识(87.7%,573/653),其次为传播知识(53.3%,348/653)。调查对象主要通过电视上的公益广告、报刊或杂志及艾滋病专题报道获取艾滋病相关知识,分别占84.7%(553/653)、83.3%(544/653)和64.6%(422/653)。结论:调查对象婚前对艾滋病传播的知晓率较高,但对艾滋病的一般知识、传播和预防等方面的某些问题认识模糊不清,特别是对艾滋病非传播途径的认知水平较低,说明未婚人群的艾滋病知识系统仍不够完善,注重艾滋病相关健康教育知识的系统性和完整性,纠正其片面和错误的认识很有必要。

Investigation on the cognitive level and knowledge requirement of the residents in Yantian district of Shenzhen city for AIDS

Objective:To understand the cognitive condition of unmarried population to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),provide a reference for carrying out health education,prevention,and intervention correspondingly.Methods:A random sampling method was used to select study objects from the population who received premarital health examination in the hospital from August 2007 to July 2009,an anonymous questionnaire was used to investigate AIDS-related knowledge.Results:91.1%(653/717) of the investigated objects had heard about AIDS,the awareness rates of sexual transmission,maternal-neonatal transmission,and blood transmission of AIDS among them were 98.9%(646/653),91.6%(598/653),and 96.3%(629/653),respectively.The knowledge most of the investigated objects wanted to obtain was about prevention of AIDS(87.7%,573/653),followed by the transmission of AIDS(53.3%,348/653).The investigated objects obtained AIDS-related knowledge mainly from public service advertising displayed by television,newspapers and periodicals,and special reports about AIDS,accounting for 84.7%(553/653),83.3%(544/653),and 64.6%(422/653),respectively.Conclusion:The awareness rate of the investigated objects to the transmission of AIDS before marriage is relatively high,but they have no clear understanding of some problems about the general knowledge,transmission and prevention of AIDS,the cognitive levels of them to the routes of non-transmission are relatively low,which indicates that the AIDS knowledge system of unmarried population is imperfect,it is necessary to pay attention to the systematicness and integrity of AIDS-related health education knowledge,and correct the one-sided and incorrect understandings.