孕前BMI及孕期BMI增幅对妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨孕妇孕前及孕期BMI增幅对妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取单胎初产妇360例作为研究对象,按孕前BMI及孕期BMI增幅<4(Ⅰ组)、4≤BMI≤6(Ⅱ组)、>6(Ⅲ组)分组,并分别随访其妊娠结局。结果:孕前肥胖组剖宫产、新生儿出生体重与正常组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕前肥胖组孕期BMI增幅≥4者剖宫产、巨大儿明显增多(P<0.05),孕前正常组孕期BMI增幅>6者剖宫产、巨大儿明显增加(P<0.05);孕前肥胖组、孕期BMI增幅>6的孕妇,其妊高征、妊娠期糖尿病发病率明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:孕前BMI及孕期BMI增幅与母婴预后有密切关系,控制孕前BMI及孕期BMI增幅可以减少母婴并发症。

Effect of increase amplitudes of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational body mass index on pregnancy outcomes

Objective: To explore the effect of increase amplitudes of pre-pregnancy body mass index ( BMI) and gestational BMI on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: 360 primiparous women of single pregnancy were selected and divided into increase amplitudes of BMI < 4 ( Ⅰ group) ,4≤increase amplitudes of BMI≤6 ( Ⅱ group) and increase amplitudes of BMI > 6 ( Ⅲ group) according to increase amplitudes of pre pregnancy BMI and gestational BMI,the pregnancy outcomes were followed up. Results: There was no significant difference in rate of cesarean section and neonatal birth weight between pre pregnancy obesity group and pre pregnancy normal weight group ( P <0. 05) ; in pre pregnancy obesity group,the rate of cesarean section and incidence of macrosomia in increase amplitudes of BMI≥4 group increased significantly ( P < 0. 05) ; in pre pregnancy normal weight group,the rate of cesarean section and incidence of macrosomia in increase amplitudes of BMI > 6 group increased significantly ( P < 0. 05) ; in pre pregnancy obesity group,the incidences of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in increase amplitudes of BMI > 6 group increased significantly ( P <0. 05) . Conclusion: The increase amplitudes of pre pregnancy BMI and gestational BMI are closely related to prognosis of mothers and infants,controlling pre pregnancy BMI and gestational BMI may reduce their complications.