上海市社区居民健身行为特点与促进方法的定性研究

目的了解上海市社区居民的健身行为并探讨促进方法,从而提高居民的健康水平和生活质量。方法对上海市3个社区的居民（3个在职人群组和3个退休人群组）用焦点组访谈的方式进行访问,对资料运用内容分析法进行分析归纳。结果社区居民对体育健身的诸多益处有着良好的认识;最希望参加室内器械健身和游泳;普遍认为运动最大的障碍是时间、工作压力、学业压力、交通安全隐患以及习惯静态的休闲方式;降低健身价格、增加健康宣传、开展健身交流活动以及由社区组织运动团体是被认为最可行的促进健身的方法。结论社区环境因素对居民健身有着重要的影响,在社区内进行健身设施建设并组织居民进行群组活动有利于不同年龄组人群体育健身参与情况。

A Qualitative Study of Exercise Behavior Characteristics and Promotion Strategies Among Residents in Shanghai Community

OBJECTIVES To understand the exercise behavior characteistics among residents in Shanghai communities and explore the promotion strategies. METHODS Residents from 3 communities in Shanghai（3 working groups and 3 retired groups）participated in focus groups discussion. The data was analyzed by content analysis method. RESULTS The benefits of exercise were widely known by community residents. The most preferable exercises were indoor workout facilities and swimming. The main obstacles of exercise mentioned were lack of time,working stress,academic pressure,traffic safety issues,getting used to sedentary leisure activities（surfing on internet,etc）. Decreasing the cost of exercise,health promotion media complain,exchanging exercise experience among residents,organizing exercise groups were the most effective promotion strategies proposed by the interviewees. CONCLUSIONS Environmental factors of the communities have a major influence on the exercise behavior of the residents. Developing sports facilities and organizing exercise groups are beneficial to exercise promotion among various age groups in communities.