广西改厕改水项目村妇女健康知识态度和行为调查

目的了解欧盟援建广西改厕改水项目地区农村家庭主妇的健康知识水平和改厕改水相关的卫生行为状况,为今后制定有效的、可持续的健康教育策略提供科学依据。方法选择广西欧盟援建改厕改水项目地区的隆安县爱华村和陆连村,宾阳县冯村和那宁村,柳江县白见村和三都村等6个项目村作为调查评估的样本村;每个样本村随机抽取60户,共360户,所抽取农户的360名家庭主妇作为调查对象。以入户访谈方式进行问卷调查,由调查员询问家庭主妇与改厕改水相关的健康知识、态度和个人行为状况。结果6个项目村的家庭主妇对5个相关健康问题回答正确率均在85%以上;大多数家庭主妇的健康卫生认识态度比较好,并且支持和愿意参加健康教育宣传活动;饭前洗手率、便后洗手率、喝开水等良好行为比例,爱华村和陆连村家庭主妇比较高,而冯村、那宁村、白见村、三都村等4个村家庭主妇则比较低;大多数家庭主妇将电视作为获得卫生知识的主要渠道。但不同文化程度和经济收入,家庭主妇选择获取卫生知识的渠道略不同。结论农村家庭主妇健康知识水平比较高,伴随改厕改水开展的健康卫生教育取得一定成效,但某些习惯性不良卫生行为的改变与卫生知识知晓水平的提高相比要滞后;在改厕改水项目农村地区进行健康教育干预活动的过程中,要根据不同文化程度、经济条件等选择适合的健康教育方式,使健康教育和促进科学有效地实施。

Invetigation of housewives' health knowledge,attitude and practices in some villag impkmented the project of improving lavatories and drinking water

Objective To investigate the health knowledge,attitude and practices among village housewives in some rural areas where the project of improving lavatories and drinking water supported by European Union had been implemented,and to provide scientific basis for establishing the effective,continuous strategy of health education.Methods Six villages with the implementation of the project including Aihua and Lulian village(Longan County),Feng and Naning village(Bingyang County),Baijian and Sandu village(Liujiang county)were sampled randomly.60 families per village and total 360 families were sampled.360 housewives were investigated through questionnaire.Results The answer correct rate of five questions related health was 85% among housewives.Most housewives' perceptions and attitudes toward health were quite good,and they supported and were willing to attend the health education activity.Housewives in villages of Aihua and Lulian are higher than other villages in the awareness rate of the knowledge about "Before meals washing hands","After excrement washing hands" and "Drinking clean water".Most housewives considered the television as the main information dissemination channels to get hygienic knowledge.Conclusions Level of healthy knowledge of village housewives was quite high.The health education had gained a certain effect after the implementation of the project.Contrast to better improve of health hygienic knowledge,change in some bad health behaviors lagged behind.In order to put the health education into practice scientifically and efficiently,it should be based on different cultural level and income levels.