儿童抽动障碍176例临床分析

目的 了解儿童抽动障碍的病因、临床特征及发病特点,以便早期诊断、早期治疗.方法 以西安市儿童医院儿保门诊1997年1月至2002年1月已确诊抽动障碍的176例儿童作为研究对象,进行辅助视频脑电图、血清微量元素、注意力测试等相关辅助检查.结果 男性发病多于女性;各年龄组临床特征不同;血微量元素缺乏37例,占21%;抽动障碍伴多动18例,占10.2%;测脑电图者41例,其中正常者占78.1%,轻度异常占21.9%,但无特异性改变.结论 儿童抽动障碍发病与性别、年龄有关;部分儿童补铁治疗有效.抽动伴多动者,优先治疗抽动后多动症状可缓解,采取综合治疗,早期进行干预,预后良好.

A clinical analysis of 176 children with tic disorder

Objective To investigate etiology,clinical characteristics of tic disorder(TD) so as to diagnose and treat the disease as early as possible.Methods 176 patients with a definite diagnosis in the Child Health Clinic from 1997 to 2002 were examined for video-electroencephalogram(VEEG) monitoring,detection of serum trace elements,attention test and the results were analyzed statistically.Results The clinical characteristics of the disease: the males were more than females;26.7% of patients had a definite diagnosis;the patients in the different age groups had different clinical characteristics;37/176(21%) patients were trace element deficient;18/176(10.2%) patients with tic disorder were complicated with hyperactivity.Of 41 patients who received VEEG monitoring,32 patients had normal VEEG and 9 patients(21.9%)had an mildly abnormal VEEG without specific changes.Conclusion The children's TD is associated with sex,age.Supplementation of iron is effective for a part of children.For those TD children complicated with hyperactivity,if TD is prior to be treated,hyperactivity would be remitted.Early intervention,combined treatment may be contributive to a good outcome.