2486例育龄妇女流产现况分析

目的 探讨育龄妇女流产的现况、原因以及选择流产方式的影响因素.方法 收集2016年1月1日至12月31日来威海市文登区妇幼保健院要求流产的育龄妇女2 486例,分析患者的年龄、婚姻状况、孕产史、流产史、分娩方式及流产原因等资料,分析文登区育龄妇女流产的现况及选择流产方式的影响因素.结果 2 486例流产的育龄妇女中,已婚患者1 883人(75.74%);孕周<14周的2 346例流产患者中,选择人工流产1 672(71.27%)人,药物流产674(28.73%)人;不同年龄段选择流产方式有差异(χ2=25.51,P<0.05),流产年龄集中在26~39岁的生育高峰期;不同孕次的患者选择流产的方式有差别(χ2=7.29,P<0.05),孕次>2次以上的患者倾向于选择人工流产;育龄妇女的生育状况对选择流产方式有影响(χ2 =28.88,P<0.05),未生育过的患者多采用药物流产,而已生育过的患者多选择人工流产;流产次数与分娩方式对选择不同流产方式的影响无统计学差异(χ2值分别为1.34, 3.70,均P>0.05);选择药物流产和人工流产患者的流产原因有差异,选择人工流产患者中因紧急避孕失败、避孕知识缺乏及因侥幸心理未避孕而流产者多于选择药物流产者(χ2值分别为8.08、8.75、4.19,均P<0.05);选择药物流产患者中因节育器脱落导致流产者高于选择人工流产者(χ2=22.36,P=0.00).结论 育龄妇女的流产与避孕意识淡薄,避孕知识缺乏或抱有侥幸心理未避孕造成意外妊娠,应加强对流产术后生殖健康服务和避孕指导,避免和减少流产的发生.

Abortion status of 2 486 women of child-bearing age

Objective To investigate the status and causes of abortion and factors influencing mode selection of abortion in women of child-bearing age.Methods Altogether 2 486 women of child-bearing age seeking for induced abortion in Wendeng Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 1 to December 31 in 2016 were collected.Data such as patient's age, marital status, gestation history, abortion history, delivery mode and abortion causes was analyzed.Status of abortion and factors influencing abortion mode selection in women of child-bearing age in Wendeng District were explored.Results Among 2 486 cases undergoing abortion, 1 883 cases were married (75.74%).Among 2 346 patients who received induced abortion with gestational age<14 weeks, 1 672 (71.27%) cases chose artificial abortion, 674 (28.73%) chose medical abortion.There was difference in choice of abortion methods among different age groups (χ2=25.51,P<0.05), and age of patients receiving abortion was concentrated at fertility peak age of 26 to 39 years old.There was difference in selection of abortion methods among patients with different gravidity (χ2=7.29,P<0.05), and patients who were pregnant more than 2 times tended to choose artificial abortion.Reproductive status of child-bearing age women had influence on choice of abortion mode (χ2=28.88,P<0.05).Patients without fertility history tended to choose drug abortion, and those with fertility experience were more likely to choose artificial abortion.Difference in effect of abortion times and delivery mode on choice of abortion method was not statistically significant (χ2 value was 1.34 and 3.70, respectively, both P>0.05).There was difference in abortion causes between patients who chose drug abortion or artificial abortion, and number of patients whose causes were emergency contraception failure, lack of contraception knowledge, taking no contraception measures thinking of leaving it to chance was more in patients choosing artificial abortion than in those choosing medical abortion (χ2 value was 8.08, 8.75 and 4.19, respectively, all P<0.05).Number of patients with contraception ring abscission was higher in patients choosing drug abortion than in those choosing artificial abortion (χ2=22.36, P=0.00).Conclusion Women of child-bearing age have unintended pregnancy because of poor awareness of abortion and contraception, lack of contraception knowledge and taking no contraception measures thinking of leaving to chance, so reproductive health services after abortion and contraception guidance should be strengthened to avoid and reduce occurrence of abortion.