2006年枣庄市薛城区1～14岁农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种及其效果评价

目的]了解1～14岁农村儿童乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况,分析乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。方法]2006年10月,对枣庄市薛城区294名1～14岁儿童进行调查。结果]调查儿童294名,乙肝疫苗第1针接种率为88.78%,3针全程接种率为85.71%,首针及时接种率为80.27%,占首针接种者的90.42%。1～14岁儿童HBV感染率为9.18%,其中有乙肝疫苗接种史的为5.75%,无乙肝疫苗接种史的为36.36%（P〈0.01）。结论]薛城区农村1～14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率偏低,接种乙肝疫苗可明显降低儿童HBV感染率。

Coverage and Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccine among Rural Children Aged 1-14 Years Old in Xuecheng District Zaozhuang City in 2006

Objective] To exmine the coverage of Hepatitis B（HB）vaccine among rural children aged 1-14 years old and evaluate the effectiveness of HB vaccination.Methods]A survey was conducted in a sample of 294 rural children aged 1-14 years old in Xuecheng district.Results]The coverage of the first dose and the 3-dose full course of HB vaccine was 88.78% and 85.71% respectively.The timely vaccination coverage of the first dose was 80.27%.The overall HBV infection rate was 9.18% in surveyed children.The rate was 5.75% in children who were vaccinated,and 36.36% in children who were not,respectively（P0.01）.Conclusion]The coverage of Hepatitis B vaccine among rural children aged 1-14 years old in Xuecheng district is relatively low.HB vaccination is significantly associated with a decreased rate of HBV infection.