台前县居民股骨头坏死流行现状及其影响因素

目的 了解台前县居民股骨头坏死流行现状及可能的影响因素。方法 采用普查方式,对河南省台前县辖区内的常住人口入户进行股骨头坏死筛查,对于体格检查中发现的具有典型症状的疑似病例进行影像学检查予以确诊。以既往确诊为股骨头坏死的患者为病例组,按照1∶1匹配在同村同性别同年龄组（年龄差≤3岁）中选取排除骨科相关疾病的健康者为对照组,采用自行设计的调查问卷对病例组和对照组进行面对面调查。结果 共发现股骨头坏死患者1 126例,粗现患率3.01‰。男性714例,粗现患率1.91‰;女性412例,粗现患率1.10‰。≤14岁粗现患率0.024‰,15~59岁粗现患率1.76‰,≥60岁粗现患率1.22‰。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,家庭收入>10 000元（OR=0.504）是股骨头坏死保护因素,以前饮酒（OR=2.597）、使用激素类药物（OR=18.926）和髋关节疾病家族史（OR=6.443）是股骨头坏死的危险因素。结论 台前县股骨头坏死患病率较高,男性多于女性,好发于青壮年,股骨头坏死与家庭收入、以前饮酒、使用激素类药物和髋关节疾病家族史有关。

Prevalence and influencing factors of femoral head necrosis in residents of Taiqian County

Objective To investigate the prevalence of femoral head necrosis in Taiqian county, and possible influencing factors. Methods The census was adopted to screen the households for femoral head necrosis in the resident population within the jurisdiction of Taiqian county, Henan province, and the suspected cases with typical symptoms found in the physical examination were diagnosed by imaging examination. Patients who were previously diagnosed with femoral head necrosis were selected as the case group. According to the ratio of 1∶1, healthy people from the same village, the same sex and the same age group （age difference ≤ 3 years） excluded from orthopedics-related diseases were selected as the control group. The self-designed questionnaire was used to face-to-face investigate. Results A total of 1 126 patients with femoral head necrosis were found, and the crude prevalence rate was 3.01‰. Among which, 714 were males, with a crude prevalence rate of 1.91‰, and 412 were females, with a crude prevalence rate of 1.10‰. The crude prevalence rate of age group of ≤14 years was 0.024‰, the crude prevalence rate of age group of 15-59 years was 1.76‰, and the crude prevalence rate of ≥60 years was 1.22‰. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family income>10,000 yuan （OR=0.504） was a protective factor for femoral head necrosis, while previous alcohol consumption （OR=2.597）, use of hormone drugs （OR=18.926） and family history of hip joint disease （OR=6.443） were risk foctors for femoral head necrosis. Conclusion The prevalence of femoral head necrosis in Taiqian county is relatively high, with more men than women, and it tends to occur in young adults. Femoral head necrosis is related to family income, previous alcohol consumption, use of hormone drugs, and family history of hip joint disease.